Panerapan mungsuh Scandium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ga
Sc
Panggil Group
13
5
3
15
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
p pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440553
32
7440202
99+
Jeneng papan Group
Cmca
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
64.00
9
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
- Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
- metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.
sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Discovery
ing taun 1875
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
3 * 10-6 %
15
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.000004 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
16
0.00 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
24
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
32
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
22
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 ppm
34
fisik Properties
leleh Point
29.78 ° C
99+
1,539.00 ° C
24
Boiling Point
2,403.00 ° C
99+
2,832.00 ° C
35
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
metallic
lustrous
atose
Mohs atose
1.50
18
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
56.80 MPa
99+
750.00 MPa
12
Kacepetan swara
2,740.00 m / s
31
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ga
Sc
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
13
26
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.81
15
1.36
29
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.42
2
1.02
21
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.82
1
1.20
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
2.01
5
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.76
14
1.19
36
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.19
39
2.64
25
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
633.10 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
1,235.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
2,388.60 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
7,090.60 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
8,843.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
10,679.00 kJ / mol
7
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
13,310.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya
15,250.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya
17,370.00 kJ / mol
14
Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya
21,726.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya
24,102.00 kJ / mol
16
Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya
66,320.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya
73,010.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya
80,160.00 kJ / mol
3
Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya
89,490.00 kJ / mol
4
Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya
97,400.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya
105,600.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya
117,000.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya
124,270.00 kJ / mol
8
padha karo elektrokimia
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
0.56 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.20 eV
23
3.50 eV
31
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
31
99+
21
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
[Ar] 3d 1 4s 2
Struktur Crystal
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
31
99+
21
99+
Jumlah Neutron
39
99+
24
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
31
99+
21
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
135.00 pm
99+
162.00 pm
26
kovalen Radius
122.00 pm
99+
170.00 pm
25
Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm
32
211.00 pm
25
Bobot atom
69.72 Amu
99+
44.96 Amu
99+
Volume atom
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
15.00 cm3 / mol
34
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
69.70 (-eV)
19
58.00 (-eV)
24
Constant pola
451.97 pm
18
330.90 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.59
7
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
2.99 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.10 g / cm3
99+
2.80 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
15
0.00 (Pa)
22
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
91.30 (Pa)
3
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
29.10 GPA
24
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
56.60 GPA
21
Young kang pengaturan
9.80 GPA
99+
74.40 GPA
26
Poisson rasio
0.47
1
0.28
18
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
5.91
99+
2.99
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
Arman
resistivity
270.00 nΩ · m
15
562.00 nΩ · m
10
konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
28.90 kJ / mol
31
18.10 kJ / mol
33
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
0.60 J / (kg K)
8
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.86 J / mol · K
35
25.52 J / mol · K
37
doyo termal
40.60 W / m · K
34
15.80 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
10.20 μm / (m · K)
39
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
256.10 kJ / mol
36
314.20 kJ / mol
28
Enthalpy saka Fusion
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
14.10 kJ / mol
25
Enthalpy saka atomization
276.10 kJ / mol
39
343.00 kJ / mol
28
Standard molar Entropy
40.80 J / mol.K
38
34.60 J / mol.K
99+
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