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Actinium vs Berkelium

Actinium
Berkelium
Berkelium vs Actinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac   
Bk   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440348   
99+
7440406   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals   
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel   
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Discovery
In 1902   
In 1949   
Abundance
  
  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C   
38
986.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C   
26
2,627.00 °C   
40
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac   
Bk   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
14   
25
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10   
99+
1.30   
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00   
36
1.20   
27
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.70   
1
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90   
10
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol   
99+
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol   
23
3,434.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr   
18
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89   
29
97   
21
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2   
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
89   
29
97   
21
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
150   
11
Number of Electrons
89   
29
97   
21
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm   
7
170.00 pm   
22
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu   
25
247.00 amu   
18
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol   
11
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Radium
  
Curium
  
Next Element
Thorium
  
Californium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)   
99+
45.50 (-eV)   
36
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm   
8
341.60 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3   
37
14.78 g/cm3   
22
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
13.25 g/cm3   
11
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.07   
28
14.00   
14
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Conductor   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K   
18
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K   
99+
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K   
25
Not Available   
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