Berkelium vs Actinium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk
Ac
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440406
99+
7440348
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
- Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
Not Available
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Discovery
In 1949
In 1902
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Unknown
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C
99+
1,227.00 °C
38
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C
40
3,200.00 °C
26
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk
Ac
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
14
25
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
1.10
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.00
36
Allen Electronegativity
2.70
1
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.90
10
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol
99+
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97
21
89
29
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
97
21
89
29
Number of Neutrons
150
11
138
16
Number of Electrons
97
21
89
29
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm
22
195.00 pm
7
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu
18
227.00 amu
25
Atomic Volume
Not Available
22.54 cm3/mol
11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)
36
38.60 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm
99+
567.00 pm
8
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3
22
10.00 g/cm3
37
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3
11
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
14.00
14
10.07
28
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
27.20 J/mol·K
18
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K
99+
12.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
301.00 kJ/mol
36
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
56.50 J/mol.K
25
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