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Actinium vs Nickel

Actinium
Nickel
Nickel vs Actinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac  
Ni  
Group Number
3  
15
10  
8
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440348  
99+
7440020  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
Actinium glows in the dark due to its radioactivity.  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel  
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt  
Discovery
In 1902  
In 1751  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
34
0.01 %  
5
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.01 %  
3
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
1.30 %  
3
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
15
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
  • It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
  • Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
17
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
Physical
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C  
38
1,453.00 °C  
31
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C  
27
2,732.00 °C  
40
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa  
99+
667.00 MPa  
20
Vickers Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
638.00 MPa  
24
Speed of Sound
3,430.00 m/s  
32
4,900.00 m/s  
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.68  
28
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
72.00 %  
11
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ac  
Ni  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.91  
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10  
38
1.94  
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00  
37
1.75  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.91  
12
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.88  
9
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90  
10
2.09  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
25
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,753.00 kJ/mol  
26
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,395.00 kJ/mol  
17
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,300.00 kJ/mol  
24
5th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,339.00 kJ/mol  
23
6th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
15
7th Energy level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,800.00 kJ/mol  
10
8th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15,600.00 kJ/mol  
10
9th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18,600.00 kJ/mol  
10
10th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,670.00 kJ/mol  
14
11th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30,970.00 kJ/mol  
7
12th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
21
34,000.00 kJ/mol  
29
13th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,100.00 kJ/mol  
7
14th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
41,500.00 kJ/mol  
8
15th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
44,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
48,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
55,101.00 kJ/mol  
11
18th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,570.00 kJ/mol  
12
19th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
148,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
20th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
159,000.00 kJ/mol  
3
21st Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
25
169,400.00 kJ/mol  
3
22nd Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
182,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
23rd Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
194,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
24th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
25th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
26th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
27th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
20
28th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
26
29th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.10 kJ/mol  
27
30th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.00 kJ/mol  
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr  
22
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.38 eV  
23
5.15 eV  
6
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
89  
29
28  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
89  
29
28  
99+
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
31  
99+
Number of Electrons
89  
29
28  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm  
9
124.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
124.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
215.00 pm  
31
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu  
25
58.69 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol  
20
6.59 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Radium
  
Cobalt
  
Next Element
Thorium
  
Copper
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)  
99+
42.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm  
9
352.40 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89  
2
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3  
40
8.91 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.07 g/cm3  
40
7.81 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
65.00 MPa  
33
345.00 MPa  
13
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
8
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
33
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
19.50 (Pa)  
6
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
76.00 GPa  
12
Bulk Modulus
94.00 GPa  
17
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
130.00 GPa  
16
200.00 GPa  
12
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.07  
99+
8.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
2
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
600.00  
2
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
5.20 nΩ·m  
99+
69.30 nΩ·m  
39
Electrical Conductivity
0.15 106/cm Ω  
13
0.14 106/cm Ω  
14
Electron Affinity
33.20 kJ/mol  
34
112.00 kJ/mol  
7
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
26.07 J/mol·K  
39
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K  
99+
90.90 W/m·K  
18
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,728.00 K  
35
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
371.80 kJ/mol  
29
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.20 kJ/mol  
28
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol  
99+
422.60 kJ/mol  
22
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K  
33
29.90 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
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