Actinium vs Plutonium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac
Pu
Group Number
Not Available
0
18
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440348
99+
7440075
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P121/m1
Space Group Number
225.00
2
11.00
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Discovery
In 1902
In Between 1940 1941
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
38
639.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
26
3,235.00 °C
24
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,260.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac
Pu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
20
19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
1.28
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00
36
1.22
26
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
2.72
21
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89
29
94
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
89
29
94
24
Number of Neutrons
138
16
150
11
Number of Electrons
89
29
94
24
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm
7
159.00 pm
28
Covalent Radius
Not Available
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu
25
244.00 amu
19
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
11
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
99+
64.90 (-eV)
21
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm
8
618.30 pm
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
37
19.82 g/cm3
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
16.63 g/cm3
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
2.20 (Pa)
12
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
43.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
Not Available
96.00 GPa
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.21
32
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.07
28
19.84
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
Not Available
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
35.50 J/mol·K
3
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
99+
6.74 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
344.00 kJ/mol
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
360.00 kJ/mol
26
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
25
Not Available
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