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Americium
Americium

Lanthanum
Lanthanum



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Americium vs Lanthanum

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Am
La
1.2 Group Number
NANA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
76
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Actinide
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
74403597439910
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
2.2 Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Carl Gustaf Mosander
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1944
In 1838
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA2 * 10-7 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
1.2.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
1.3.1 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
1.6.1 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
2.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
2.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.4.2 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.08 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
994.00 °C920.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C3,469.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA2.50
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.3 Brinell Hardness
NA350.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.5 Vickers Hardness
NA360.00 MPa
Palladium
121 3430
5.3 Speed of Sound
NA2,475.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
5.4 Optical Properties
5.4.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
6.1.1 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
6.2 Allotropes
6.2.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.2.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
Am
La
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
1631
Tennessine
0 38
7.4 Electronegativity
7.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.301.10
Francium
0.7 2.54
7.6.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
7.6.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.201.08
Cesium
0.86 1.82
7.6.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
7.6.7 Allen Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
7.8 Electropositivity
7.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.702.90
Gold
1.46 3.3
7.10 Ionization Energies
7.10.1 1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol538.10 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
8.2.2 2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol1,067.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
8.2.3 3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol1,850.30 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
8.3.2 4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol4,819.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
8.3.4 5th Energy Level
NA5,940.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
8.3.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
8.3.8 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
8.3.10 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
8.3.11 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
8.4.2 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
8.5.2 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
8.5.4 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
8.5.6 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
8.5.8 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
8.5.10 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
8.5.12 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
8.5.14 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
8.5.16 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
8.5.18 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
8.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
8.5.22 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
8.5.23 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
8.5.25 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
8.5.27 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
8.5.28 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
8.5.30 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
8.5.32 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
8.5.33 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
8.5.35 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
8.5.37 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
8.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr1.73 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
8.7 Electron Work Function
NA3.50 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
8.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9557
Lithium
3 117
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
9.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9557
Lithium
3 117
9.4.3 Number of Neutrons
14882
Lithium
4 184
9.4.6 Number of Electrons
9557
Lithium
3 117
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
173.00 pm187.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
9.5.3 Covalent Radius
180.00 pm207.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
9.5.5 Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm240.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
9.7 Atomic Weight
243.00 amu138.91 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
9.9 Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol20.73 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
10.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.2.1 Previous Element
10.2.2 Next Element
10.3 Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)40.71 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
10.7 Lattice Constant
346.81 pm377.20 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
10.8 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
10.9 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.62
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm36.16 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
11.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA5.94 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
11.3 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
11.4 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
11.5 Vapor Pressure
11.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
11.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.98 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
11.7 Elasticity properties
11.7.1 Shear Modulus
NA14.30 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
11.7.2 Bulk Modulus
NA27.90 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
11.8.1 Young's Modulus
NA36.60 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
11.9 Poisson Ratio
NA0.28
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
11.12 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.676.17
Lithium
0.53 4500
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
12.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
12.2.1 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
12.3 Electrical Properties
12.3.1 Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
12.3.2 Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m615.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
12.5.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
13.1.2 Electron Affinity
NA48.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)0.19 J/(kg K)
Palladium
0.11 3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K27.11 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K13.40 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
14.6 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
14.8 Thermal Expansion
NA12.10 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
14.10 Enthalpy
14.10.2 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA399.60 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
14.10.4 Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol6.20 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
14.10.6 Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol431.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
14.12 Standard Molar Entropy
NA56.90 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1