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Berkelium Technetium Comparison

Berkelium
Technetium
Technetium Berkelium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk  
Tc  
Group Number
14  
4
7  
11
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440406  
99+
7440268  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
  
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.  
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Discovery
In 1949  
In 1937  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
36
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
  
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
986.00 °C  
99+
2,200.00 °C  
9
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C  
99+
4,877.00 °C  
7
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Shiny Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
550.00 MPa  
27
Vickers Hardness
1,070.00 MPa  
16
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
2,560.00 m/s  
99+
16,200.00 m/s  
1
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
61.00 %  
22
35.00 %  
34
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Bk  
Tc  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
14  
25
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.36  
21
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
2.70  
1
1.51  
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
4th Energy Level
3,434.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
5th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
6th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
10th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
11th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
12th Energy Level
60,100.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
14th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
32
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
15th Energy Level
60,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
16th Energy Level
60,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
17th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
19th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
21st Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
18
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
23rd Energy Level
6,010.00 kJ/mol  
19
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
25th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
26th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
27th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
28th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
29th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
30th Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
97  
21
43  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
97  
21
43  
99+
Number of Neutrons
150  
12
55  
99+
Number of Electrons
97  
21
43  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm  
24
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
147.00 pm  
39
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm  
14
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
98.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
13.39 cm3/mol  
99+
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Curium
  
Molybdenum
  
Next Element
Californium
  
Ruthenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)  
37
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm  
99+
273.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
38
1.60  
21
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3  
23
11.00 g/cm3  
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3  
29
11.00 g/cm3  
34
Tensile Strength
70.00 MPa  
31
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
34
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
13.00 GPa  
99+
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
13.00 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.38  
6
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00  
25
11.50  
37
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
7.60 nΩ·m  
99+
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
25
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K  
99+
50.60 W/m·K  
30
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
2,150.00 K  
16
Thermal Expansion
13.25 µm/(m·K)  
36
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
380.00 kJ/mol  
27
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.25 kJ/mol  
31
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
601.00 kJ/mol  
11
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
Standard Molar Entropy
52.00 J/mol.K  
37
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
Summary >>
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