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Chemical Properties of Thorium and Calcium

Thorium
Calcium
Chemical Properties of Calcium and Thorium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Th   
Ca   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
28   
11
19   
20
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.00   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.95   
24
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.04   
34
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.08   
17
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.03   
39
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
3.00   
9
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol   
99+
589.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,110.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,145.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,978.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4,912.40 kJ/mol   
7
4th Energy Level
2,780.00 kJ/mol   
99+
6,491.00 kJ/mol   
7
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
8,153.00 kJ/mol   
7
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,496.00 kJ/mol   
8
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,270.00 kJ/mol   
12
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,206.00 kJ/mol   
15
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,191.00 kJ/mol   
12
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,385.00 kJ/mol   
16
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
57,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
63,410.00 kJ/mol   
3
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
70,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
78,890.00 kJ/mol   
4
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,310.00 kJ/mol   
5
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,000.00 kJ/mol   
6
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
111,711.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.16 g/amp-hr   
24
0.75 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.41 eV   
32
2.87 eV   
38
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
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