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Copernicium vs Cadmium


Cadmium vs Copernicium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Cn   
Cd   

Group Number
12   
6
12   
6

Period Number
7   
5   

Block
d block   
d block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
54084263   
7
7440439   
99+

Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
  • Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
  • It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
  • It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
  

Sources
Synthetically Produced   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung   
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer   

Discovery
In 1996   
In 1817   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000006 %   
21

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
31

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
28

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
11

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
  • Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Research Purposes   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Unknown   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
24

In Bone
Not Available   
1.80 p.p.m.   
15

Physical Properties

Melting Point
Not Available   
320.90 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
Not Available   
765.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Unknown   
Silvery Bluish-Gray   

Luster
Unknown Luster   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.00   
16

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
203.00 MPa   
39

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,310.00 m/s   
39

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
Not Available   
67.00 %   
11

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Cn   
Cd   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
1   
34
34   
5

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.69   
17

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.98   
9

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.46   
15

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.53   
13

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.52   
27

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.31   
37

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
1,154.90 kJ/mol   
2
867.80 kJ/mol   
11

2nd Energy Level
2,170.00 kJ/mol   
9
1,631.40 kJ/mol   
32

3rd Energy Level
4,245.40 kJ/mol   
9
3,616.00 kJ/mol   
13

4th Energy Level
5,499.70 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available   
2.10 g/amp-hr   
27

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.22 eV   
22

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
112   
6
48   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
112   
6
48   
99+

Number of Neutrons
Not Available   
64   
99+

Number of Electrons
112   
6
48   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
147.00 pm   
34
151.00 pm   
32

Covalent Radius
122.00 pm   
99+
144.00 pm   
40

Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
158.00 pm   
99+

Atomic Weight
285.00 amu   
5
112.41 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
13.10 cm3/mol   
39

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Silver
  

Next Element
Nihonium
  
Indium
  

Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
30.00 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
297.94 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.89   
1

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
23.70 g/cm3   
7
8.65 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.00 g/cm3   
28

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
62.00 MPa   
16

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
19.00 GPa   
35

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
42.00 GPa   
29

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
50.00 GPa   
36

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.30   
14

Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
Not Available   
8.65   
36

Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
Diamagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Unknown   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
Not Available   
72.70 nΩ·m   
36

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.14 106/cm Ω   
15

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.23 J/(kg K)   
26

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
26.02 J/mol·K   
32

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
96.60 W/m·K   
16

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
30.80 µm/(m·K)   
10

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
100.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
6.19 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
113.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
51.80 J/mol.K   
27

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