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Curium vs Beryllium

Curium
Beryllium
Beryllium vs Curium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm  
Be  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
7  
2  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440519  
36
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1944  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
Physical
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C  
34
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C  
31
2,970.00 °C  
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
White Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
590.00 MPa  
25
Vickers Hardness
461.00 MPa  
37
1,670.00 MPa  
9
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.56  
34
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cm  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.57  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.81  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.47  
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.58  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
16th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
21st Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
27th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
96  
22
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
96  
22
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
151  
11
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
96  
22
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm  
28
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Americium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Berkelium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
336.25 pm  
99+
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.67  
11
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3  
26
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3  
25
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
350.00 MPa  
12
287.00 MPa  
16
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
17
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
20
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.03  
36
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.51  
28
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
11
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
1,340.00 K  
99+
1,551.00 K  
39
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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