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Einsteinium vs Gold

Einsteinium
Gold
Gold vs Einsteinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Es  
Au  
Group Number
13  
5
11  
7
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7429927  
99+
7440575  
31
Space Group Name
-  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
  • Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
-  
Discovery
In 1952  
Before 6000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
21
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
Physical
Melting Point
860.00 °C  
99+
1,064.43 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
996.00 °C  
99+
2,807.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Gold  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
240.00 MPa  
99+
194.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
550.00 MPa  
31
216.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,850.00 m/s  
40
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
0.47  
99+
Reflectivity
63.00 %  
20
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Es  
Au  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16  
23
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54  
27
2.54  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.87  
15
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.92  
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
1.46  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
2nd Energy Level
1,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
3rd Energy Level
2,334.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
4th Energy Level
3,734.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
40
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7th Energy level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
8th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
9th Energy Level
4,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
10th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
11th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
12th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
12
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
13th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
39
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
14th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
28
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
40
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
16th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
30
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
18th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
19th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
20th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
21st Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
22nd Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
38
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
23rd Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
24th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
25th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
26th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
27th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
28th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
29th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
30th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.74 g/amp-hr  
5
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
5.10 eV  
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
99  
19
79  
37
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f11 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
99  
19
79  
37
Number of Neutrons
153  
10
118  
24
Number of Electrons
99  
19
79  
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
144.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
166.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
252.00 amu  
16
196.97 amu  
33
Atomic Volume
17.04 cm3/mol  
99+
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Californium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Fermium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
582.00 pm  
8
407.82 pm  
24
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
19.30 g/cm3  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
17.31 g/cm3  
16
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
79.00 GPa  
26
Poisson Ratio
0.33  
11
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.84  
99+
19.32  
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
22
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
6.30 nΩ·m  
99+
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
15
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
318.00 W/m·K  
3
Critical Temperature
1,133.00 K  
99+
1,337.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
13.50 µm/(m·K)  
33
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
323.80 kJ/mol  
99+
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.80 kJ/mol  
24
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
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