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Einsteinium vs Mercury

Einsteinium
Mercury
Mercury vs Einsteinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Es  
Hg  
Group Number
13  
5
12  
6
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7429927  
99+
7439976  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
R_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
  • Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons  
Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Ancient Chinese and Indians  
Discovery
In 1952  
Before 2000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.09 %  
2
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.05 %  
9
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
23
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.45 p.p.m.  
23
Physical
Melting Point
860.00 °C  
99+
-38.83 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
996.00 °C  
99+
356.58 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Liquid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
240.00 MPa  
99+
5.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
550.00 MPa  
31
0.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,850.00 m/s  
40
1,451.40 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
63.00 %  
20
73.00 %  
10
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Es  
Hg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16  
23
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54  
27
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.44  
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.81  
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.44  
34
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
4
2nd Energy Level
1,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol  
21
3rd Energy Level
2,334.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
20
4th Energy Level
3,734.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
4,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
12
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
39
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
28
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
40
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
16th Energy Level
61,900.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
24
18th Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
20
20th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
11
21st Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
33
22nd Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
38
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
8
23rd Energy Level
6,190.00 kJ/mol  
15
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
36
24th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
25th Energy Level
619.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
26th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
40
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
27th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
2
28th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
5
29th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
6
30th Energy Level
619.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.74 g/amp-hr  
5
3.74 g/amp-hr  
10
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.49 eV  
20
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
99  
19
80  
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f11 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
99  
19
80  
36
Number of Neutrons
153  
10
121  
23
Number of Electrons
99  
19
80  
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
155.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
252.00 amu  
16
200.59 amu  
32
Atomic Volume
17.04 cm3/mol  
99+
14.82 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Californium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Fermium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
28.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
582.00 pm  
8
300.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
0.42  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
13.53 g/cm3  
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.84 g/cm3  
99+
13.55 g/cm3  
27
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
4
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
25.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
45.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.33  
11
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.84  
99+
13.53  
27
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
20
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
6.30 nΩ·m  
99+
961.00 nΩ·m  
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
15
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.14 J/(kg K)  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
27.98 J/mol·K  
16
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
8.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,133.00 K  
99+
1,750.00 K  
33
Thermal Expansion
13.50 µm/(m·K)  
33
60.40 µm/(m·K)  
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
323.80 kJ/mol  
99+
56.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.80 kJ/mol  
24
2.29 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
61.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K  
24
75.80 J/mol.K  
6
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