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Fermium
Fermium

Niobium
Niobium



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Fermium
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Niobium

Fermium Niobium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Fm
Nb
1.2 Group Number
NA5
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
75
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
f block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74407247440031
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.2 Space Group Name
Not Available
Im_ 3m
2.3 Space Group Number
NA229.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  • Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
  • Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
3.2 Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Charles Hatchett
3.3.2 Discovery
In 1952
In 1801
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA2 * 10-7 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
4.1.1 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
4.2.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
4.2.2 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
4.4.2 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
  • It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
Unknown
Low Toxic
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.01 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
5.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.07 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,527.00 °C2,468.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
6.2 Boiling Point
NA2,468.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
6.4 Appearance
6.4.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.4.2 Color
Unknown
Gray
6.4.3 Luster
Not Defined
Metallic
6.5 Hardness
6.5.1 Mohs Hardness
NA6.00
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
6.6.3 Brinell Hardness
NA735.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
7.2.2 Vickers Hardness
NA870.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
7.3 Speed of Sound
NA3,480.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
7.5 Optical Properties
7.5.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
7.5.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
7.6 Allotropes
7.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
Fm
Nb
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
1817
Tennessine Metal
0 38
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.301.60
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
8.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA1.42
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
8.3.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.201.23
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
8.4.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
8.5.2 Allen Electronegativity
NA1.41
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
8.6 Electropositivity
8.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.702.40
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
8.7 Ionization Energies
8.7.1 1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol652.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
8.7.3 2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol1,380.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
8.7.5 3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol2,416.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
8.7.8 4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol3,700.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
8.7.10 5th Energy Level
NA4,877.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
8.7.12 6th Energy Level
NA9,847.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
8.7.14 7th Energy level
NA12,100.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
1.2.1 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
1.3.1 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
1.6.2 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
2.4.3 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
2.4.8 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
2.4.12 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
2.4.17 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
3.2.5 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
4.1.2 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
4.2.1 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
4.2.4 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
4.4.3 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
4.4.6 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
4.4.8 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
4.5.1 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
4.5.2 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
4.6.1 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
4.7.1 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.1.1 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.1.3 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
6.2.2 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
6.5.2 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
6.6.2 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
6.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr0.69 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
6.9 Electron Work Function
NA4.30 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
6.10 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
7 Atomic
7.1 Atomic Number
10041
Lithium Metal
3 117
7.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
7.3 Crystal Structure
Not Known
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
7.3.1 Crystal Lattice
7.4 Atom
7.4.1 Number of Protons
10041
Lithium Metal
3 117
7.6.2 Number of Neutrons
15752
Lithium Metal
4 184
7.8.1 Number of Electrons
10041
Lithium Metal
3 117
7.11 Radius of an Atom
7.11.1 Atomic Radius
NA146.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
7.11.2 Covalent Radius
NA164.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
7.12.2 Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
8.2 Atomic Weight
257.00 amu92.91 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
8.3 Atomic Volume
NA10.87 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
8.5 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
8.5.1 Previous Element
8.5.2 Next Element
8.6 Valence Electron Potential
NA104.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
8.8 Lattice Constant
NA330.04 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
8.10 Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
8.11 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
9 Mechanical
9.1 Density
9.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
NA8.57 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
9.1.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NANA
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
9.2 Tensile Strength
NA330.00 MPa
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
9.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
9.4 Vapor Pressure
9.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
9.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.00 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
10.2 Elasticity properties
10.2.1 Shear Modulus
NA38.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
10.2.5 Bulk Modulus
NA170.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
10.2.9 Young's Modulus
NA105.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
10.4 Poisson Ratio
NA0.40
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
10.5 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
NA8.57
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
11.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
Paramagnetic
11.1.5 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
11.1.7 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
12.2.2 Resistivity
NA152.00 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
12.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.07 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
12.5.1 Electron Affinity
NA86.10 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
NA0.26 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA24.60 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
14.4 Thermal Conductivity
NA53.70 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
14.8 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
14.9 Thermal Expansion
NA7.30 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
14.10 Enthalpy
14.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA696.60 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
14.11.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
NA27.20 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
14.12.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
NA745.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
14.14 Standard Molar Entropy
NA36.40 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1