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Fermium vs Tungsten

Fermium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
W  
Group Number
3  
15
6  
12
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7440337  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
-  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1781  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
3,410.00 °C  
1
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
5,660.00 °C  
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Grayish White  
Luster
-  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
7.50  
2
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
2,000.00 MPa  
4
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
3,430.00 MPa  
3
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
4,620.00 m/s  
20
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.10  
11
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
62.00 %  
21
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
W  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.36  
3
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
0.98  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.40  
20
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.36  
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.47  
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
1.64  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
74  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
110  
28
Number of Electrons
100  
18
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
162.00 pm  
31
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
183.84 amu  
37
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
316.52 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.29  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
19.25 g/cm3  
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
17.60 g/cm3  
15
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
370.00 MPa  
11
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
161.00 GPa  
5
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
310.00 GPa  
4
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
411.00 GPa  
4
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
19.22  
18
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
23
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
173.00 W/m·K  
7
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
3,695.00 K  
1
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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