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Tungsten vs Protactinium

Tungsten
Protactinium
Protactinium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Pa  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7440133  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
I4/mmm  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
139.00  
11
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
William Crookes  
Discovery
In 1781  
In 1900  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
1,568.00 °C  
21
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
4,027.00 °C  
12
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Silver  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
125.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
220.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
12,400.00 m/s  
3
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
1.60  
33
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Pa  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
27  
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.14  
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.50  
32
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,814.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
2,991.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
568.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
568.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.72 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
5.89 eV  
3
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
91  
27
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
91  
27
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
122  
22
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
91  
27
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
163.00 pm  
27
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
200.00 pm  
11
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
243.00 pm  
15
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
231.04 amu  
24
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
15.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Thorium
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Uranium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
92.00 (-eV)  
11
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
392.50 pm  
26
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.58  
36
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
15.37 g/cm3  
20
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
15.37 g/cm3  
21
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
16.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
47.00 GPa  
26
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
47.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
15.37  
23
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
21
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
177.00 nΩ·m  
21
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.05 106/cm Ω  
39
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
53.03 kJ/mol  
22
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
47.00 W/m·K  
32
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
1,841.00 K  
25
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
9.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
481.00 kJ/mol  
17
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
12.34 kJ/mol  
34
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
481.90 kJ/mol  
19
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
198.10 J/mol.K  
1
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