Fermium

Zirconium

Fermium Zirconium Comparison

Fermium

Zirconium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

NA4

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

f block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Actinide

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74407247440677

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

P63/mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

NA194.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
Fermium is synthetically produced metal.

Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.

2.2 Sources

Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Martin Heinrich Klaproth

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1952

In 1789

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA5 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.000004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA0.01 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.

As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.

Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Unknown

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.01 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.0.10 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

1,527.00 °C1,852.00 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

NA4,377.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Unknown

Silvery White

4.3.3 Luster

Not Defined

Lustrous

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA5.00

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA638.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NA820.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NA3,800.00 m/s

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

1824

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.301.33

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA0.90

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.201.22

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NANA

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NA1.32

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.702.67

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

627.00 kJ/mol640.10 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,225.00 kJ/mol1,270.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,363.00 kJ/mol2,218.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

3,792.00 kJ/mol3,313.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NA7,752.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NA9,500.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NANA

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

3.20 g/amp-hr0.85 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

NA4.05 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

10040

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹² 7s²

[Kr] 4d² 5s²

6.3 Crystal Structure

Not Known

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

10040

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

15751

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

10040

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

NA160.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

NA175.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

245.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

257.00 amu91.22 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

NA14.10 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

NA80.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

NA323.20 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NA1.59

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

NA6.52 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA5.80 g/cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NA330.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NANA

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA33.00 GPa

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA91.10 GPa

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA88.00 GPa

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

NA0.34

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA6.51

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Unknown

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

NA421.00 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.02 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA41.10 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

NA0.27 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA25.36 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA22.60 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA5.70 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA581.60 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA20.90 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA598.00 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA39.00 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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