Symbol
Hf
  
Ts
  
Period Number
6
  
7
  
Block
d block
  
p block
  
Element Family
Transition Metal
  
Probably Post-Transition
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
Not Available
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
- Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  
Not Available
  
Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining
  
Synthetically Produced
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
  
Discovery
In 1922
  
In 2010
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
  
26
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- It has an ability to absorb neutrons and hence it is used to make control rods in nuclear submarines. And this metal is also used in Plasma welding torches.
-
It alloys with iron, titanium and niobium are very useful.
  
- Currently known uses of Ununseptium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
  
Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic
  
Unknown
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
No
  
Melting Point
2,150.00 °C
  
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Gray
  
Unknown
  
Luster
Metallic
  
Unknown Luster
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
1,450.00 MPa
  
6
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
1,520.00 MPa
  
5
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
3,010.00 m/s
  
27
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Hf
  
Ts
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol
  
40
742.90 kJ/mol
  
23
2nd Energy Level
1,440.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,785.00 kJ/mol
  
22
3rd Energy Level
2,250.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
4th Energy Level
3,216.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Not Available
  
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.66 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Not Available
  
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Chemical Stability, Ionization
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2
  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Not Known
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Ununseptium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available
  
Covalent Radius
Not Available
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
13.60 cm3/mol
  
38
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
No Previous Element
  
Valence Electron Potential
81.00 (-eV)
  
16
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
NA
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.31 g/cm3
  
26
7.10 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.00 g/cm3
  
12
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
  
Unknown
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Unknown
  
Resistivity
331.00 nΩ·m
  
14
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 10
6/cm Ω
  
39
Not Available
  
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
  
40
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
  
37
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
25.73 J/mol·K
  
36
Not Available
  
Thermal Conductivity
23.00 W/m·K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
5.90 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
661.10 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
25.10 kJ/mol
  
8
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
703.00 kJ/mol
  
5
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
43.60 J/mol.K
  
34
Not Available