Home
 Compare Metals

Hafnium vs Roentgenium

Hafnium
Roentgenium
Roentgenium vs Hafnium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hf  
Rg  
Group Number
4  
14
11  
7
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
-  
CAS Number
7440586  
30
54386242  
1
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Hafnium metal is highly reactive, hence not found free in nature.
  • Hafnium metal as predicated after Mendeleev finished his periodic table.
  
Roentgenium is a highly unstable synthetic element.  
Sources
By-product Zirconium Refining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1922  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
37
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
31
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
27
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
14
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It has an ability to absorb neutrons and hence it is used to make control rods in nuclear submarines. And this metal is also used in Plasma welding torches.
  • It alloys with iron, titanium and niobium are very useful.
  
  • Currently known uses of Roentgenium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,150.00 °C  
10
-  
Boiling Point
5,400.00 °C  
5
2,800.00 °C  
38
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
-  
Brinell Hardness
1,450.00 MPa  
6
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
1,520.00 MPa  
10
450.00 MPa  
38
Speed of Sound
3,010.00 m/s  
39
3,430.00 m/s  
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.00  
15
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
71.00 %  
12
64.00 %  
19
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Hf  
Rg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
32  
7
1  
34
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23  
26
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
0.90  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.16  
99+
0.80  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
40
1,022.70 kJ/mol  
3
2nd Energy Level
1,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,074.40 kJ/mol  
10
3rd Energy Level
2,250.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
24
4th Energy Level
3,216.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,052.40 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,306.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7th Energy level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,650.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,590.00 kJ/mol  
40
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
40
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
24
12th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,580.00 kJ/mol  
35
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
14th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
16
15th Energy Level
65,800.00 kJ/mol  
34
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
16th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
83,000.00 kJ/mol  
11
17th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
830.80 kJ/mol  
30
18th Energy Level
6,585.00 kJ/mol  
36
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
19
19th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
37
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
31
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
31
538.70 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
33
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
32
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
33
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
38
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
658.50 kJ/mol  
39
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol  
35
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.66 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.10 g/amp-hr  
18
Electron Work Function
3.90 eV  
36
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
-  
Atomic
Atomic Number
72  
99+
111  
7
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
72  
99+
111  
7
Number of Neutrons
106  
30
161  
4
Number of Electrons
72  
99+
111  
7
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
200.00 pm  
7
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm  
25
126.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
280.00 pm  
6
Atomic Weight
178.49 amu  
39
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
13.60 cm3/mol  
99+
28.70 cm3/mol  
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lutetium
  
Darmstadtium
  
Next Element
Tantalum
  
Copernicium
  
Valence Electron Potential
81.00 (-eV)  
16
11.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
319.64 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
34
1.90  
1
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.31 g/cm3  
27
28.70 g/cm3  
6
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.00 g/cm3  
31
28.70 g/cm3  
7
Tensile Strength
445.00 MPa  
9
65.00 MPa  
33
Viscosity
0.00  
28
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
25
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
26.00 GPa  
36
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa  
15
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
78.00 GPa  
27
12.70 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.31  
30
28.70  
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
13
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
331.00 nΩ·m  
14
0.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.73 J/mol·K  
99+
23.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
23.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,500.00 K  
11
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
5.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
12.60 µm/(m·K)  
40
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
661.10 kJ/mol  
6
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
25.10 kJ/mol  
8
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
703.00 kJ/mol  
5
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
43.60 J/mol.K  
99+
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!