Symbol
Hs
  
Tm
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
7
  
6
  
Block
d block
  
f block
  
Element Family
Transition Metal
  
Lanthanide
  
Space Group Name
Not Available
  
P63/mmc
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Hassium metals rate of decay is very high.
- Hassium metals 1st sample was synthesized through a nuclear reaction.
  
- Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
- Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced
  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
  
Per Teodor Cleve
  
Discovery
In 1984
  
In 1879
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
~0.00000002 %
  
28
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Hassium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
- Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
-
Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Research Purposes
  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
No
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
Not Available
  
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
Not Available
  
Melting Point
Not Available
  
1,545.00 °C
  
23
Boiling Point
Not Available
  
1,730.00 °C
  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silver
  
Silvery Gray
  
Luster
NA
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Hs
  
Tm
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
733.30 kJ/mol
  
26
596.70 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,756.00 kJ/mol
  
24
1,160.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,827.00 kJ/mol
  
36
2,285.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,637.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol
  
33
5th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol
  
34
Not Available
  
6th Energy Level
6,175.10 kJ/mol
  
23
Not Available
  
7th Energy level
7,535.50 kJ/mol
  
21
Not Available
  
8th Energy Level
8,857.40 kJ/mol
  
20
Not Available
  
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available
  
2.10 g/amp-hr
  
26
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2
  
[Xe] 4f13 6s2
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Weight
168.93 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available
  
18.10 cm3/mol
  
28
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available
  
49.70 (-eV)
  
28
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
NA
  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
  
Ductile, Malleable
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown
  
Conductor
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
  
0.02 10
6/cm Ω
  
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Specific Heat
Not Available
  
0.16 J/(kg K)
  
35
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
  
27.03 J/mol·K
  
22
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
  
16.90 W/m·K
  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
13.30 µm/(m·K)
  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
191.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
16.80 kJ/mol
  
17
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
  
247.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
  
74.00 J/mol.K
  
9