1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.6 Period Number
1.7 Block
2.2 Element Family
2.3 CAS Number
74406007440348
7429905
54386242
2.7 Space Group Name
2.8 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Holmium metal is very soft and malleable.
- Holmium metal is well known for its corrosion resistivity.
Not Available
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Marc Delafontaine
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5.1.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
5.2.2 Abundance In Meteorites
5.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
5.5.1 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Holmium metal has an ability to absorb neutrons, so this metal is used in nuclear reactors to keep the chain reactions of elements under control.
-
Alloys of Holmium are used to produce Magnet.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.4 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
7.2.2 In Bone
9 Physical
9.1 Melting Point
1,461.00 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
9.2 Boiling Point
2,600.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
9.3 Appearance
9.3.1 Physical State
9.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
9.3.3 Luster
9.4 Hardness
9.4.1 Mohs Hardness
10.1.1 Brinell Hardness
10.4.1 Vickers Hardness
10.5 Speed of Sound
10.8 Optical Properties
10.8.1 Refractive Index
10.8.3 Reflectivity
10.9 Allotropes
10.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.3 Electronegativity
11.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.4.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
11.4.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.5.5 Allen Electronegativity
12.3 Electropositivity
12.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
12.4 Ionization Energies
12.4.1 1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
12.6.1 2nd Energy Level
1,140.00 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
12.7.2 3rd Energy Level
2,204.00 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
13.4.3 4th Energy Level
4,100.00 kJ/mol4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
13.4.6 5th Energy Level
13.6.2 6th Energy Level
13.7.2 7th Energy level
13.8.2 8th Energy Level
13.9.2 9th Energy Level
13.11.1 10th Energy Level
13.12.2 11th Energy Level
13.14.2 12th Energy Level
14.1.3 13th Energy Level
14.1.6 14th Energy Level
14.2.1 15th Energy Level
14.3.2 16th Energy Level
14.4.2 17th Energy Level
14.4.5 18th Energy Level
14.5.3 19th Energy Level
14.5.4 20th Energy Level
14.5.7 21st Energy Level
14.5.8 22nd Energy Level
14.5.11 23rd Energy Level
14.5.13 24th Energy Level
14.6.1 25th Energy Level
14.6.3 26th Energy Level
15.1.3 27th Energy Level
15.1.7 28th Energy Level
15.1.9 29th Energy Level
15.1.13 30th Energy Level
15.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
15.4 Electron Work Function
15.5 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
16 Atomic
16.1 Atomic Number
16.3 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
16.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
16.4.1 Crystal Lattice
16.5 Atom
16.5.1 Number of Protons
18.1.1 Number of Neutrons
18.5.1 Number of Electrons
18.7 Radius of an Atom
18.7.1 Atomic Radius
176.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
18.8.2 Covalent Radius
18.9.2 Van der Waals Radius
18.12 Atomic Weight
164.93 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
18.14 Atomic Volume
18.70 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
18.18 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
18.18.1 Previous Element
18.18.2 Next Element
18.19 Valence Electron Potential
47.90 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
19.2 Lattice Constant
357.73 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
19.3 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
19.4 Lattice C/A Ratio
20 Mechanical
20.1 Density
20.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.79 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
20.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.5 Tensile Strength
20.6 Viscosity
20.7 Vapor Pressure
20.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
20.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
21.2 Elasticity properties
21.2.1 Shear Modulus
21.3.3 Bulk Modulus
21.3.5 Young's Modulus
21.4 Poisson Ratio
21.5 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Sectile
NA
22 Magnetic
22.1 Magnetic Characteristics
22.1.1 Specific Gravity
22.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
22.1.3 Permeability
22.1.4 Susceptibility
23.2 Electrical Properties
23.2.1 Electrical Property
23.2.2 Resistivity
23.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
23.4.1 Electron Affinity
24 Thermal
24.1 Specific Heat
0.16 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
24.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.15 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
24.4 Thermal Conductivity
16.20 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
24.6 Critical Temperature
24.7 Thermal Expansion
24.8 Enthalpy
24.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
241.00 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
24.8.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
24.9.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
24.10 Standard Molar Entropy
75.30 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1