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Livermorium vs Plutonium

Livermorium
Plutonium
Plutonium vs Livermorium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lv  
Pu  
Group Number
16  
2
0  
18
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Probably Post-​Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
54100719  
3
7440075  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P121/m1  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
11.00  
16
Facts
Interesting Facts
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.  
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Discovery
In 2000  
In Between 1940 1941  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.50 p.p.m.  
22
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
639.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,500.00 °C  
18
3,235.00 °C  
25
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
627.00 MPa  
22
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
617.00 MPa  
26
Speed of Sound
4,600.00 m/s  
21
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
66.00 %  
17
68.00 %  
15
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Lv  
Pu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
5  
32
20  
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
1.28  
34
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.28  
26
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.90  
1
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.90  
8
1.28  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.72  
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
723.60 kJ/mol  
28
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,331.50 kJ/mol  
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,846.30 kJ/mol  
35
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,811.20 kJ/mol  
99+
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,078.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
13th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
30
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
1,168.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
15th Energy Level
70,900.00 kJ/mol  
26
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
17th Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
23
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
1,169.70 kJ/mol  
13
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
370.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
548.90 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
27
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
31
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
32
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol  
26
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
3.88 eV  
38
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
116  
2
94  
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4  
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Monoclinic (MON)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100  
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
116  
2
94  
24
Number of Neutrons
160  
5
150  
12
Number of Electrons
116  
2
94  
24
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm  
12
159.00 pm  
30
Covalent Radius
183.00 pm  
22
187.00 pm  
20
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
293.00 amu  
2
244.00 amu  
19
Atomic Volume
22.90 cm3/mol  
16
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Moscovium
  
Neptunium
  
Next Element
No Next Element  
Americium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
64.90 (-eV)  
21
Lattice Constant
362.15 pm  
36
618.30 pm  
4
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.74  
6
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.90 g/cm3  
28
19.82 g/cm3  
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.90 g/cm3  
30
16.63 g/cm3  
18
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
40.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
2.20 (Pa)  
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
28.50 GPa  
30
43.00 GPa  
18
Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPa  
34
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
12.50 GPa  
99+
96.00 GPa  
23
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.00  
34
19.84  
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
21
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
0.50 nΩ·m  
99+
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
913.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
722.00 kJ/mol  
3
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
380.50 kJ/mol  
32
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
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