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Lutetium
Lutetium

Ytterbium
Ytterbium



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Lutetium
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Lutetium vs Ytterbium

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Lu
Yb
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Gadolinium
ADD ⊕
1.3 Period Number
Uranium
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Lithium
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1.4 Block
f block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium
7439943
Rank: 84 (Overall)
7440644
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Aluminium
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1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium
194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)
225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutonium
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2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
  • Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1906
In 1878
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron
1 * 10-8 %
Rank: 30 (Overall)
2 * 10-7 %
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Thallium
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2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron
~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Beryllium
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2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron
0.00 %
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Gold
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2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium
0.00 %
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Radium
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2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium
0.00 %
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Protactinium
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2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium
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3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Low Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
27% Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
27% Lanthanide Series Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
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3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Plutonium
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4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten
1,652.00 °C
Rank: 19 (Overall)
824.00 °C
Rank: 54 (Overall)
Francium
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4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten
3,402.00 °C
Rank: 19 (Overall)
1,196.00 °C
Rank: 63 (Overall)
Flerovium
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4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium
893.00 MPa
Rank: 10 (Overall)
343.00 MPa
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten
1,160.00 MPa
Rank: 8 (Overall)
206.00 MPa
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Palladium
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4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1,590.00 m/s
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Thallium
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4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
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4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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4.7 Allotropes
No Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
No Lanthanide Series Metals has it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Lu
Yb
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium
35
Rank: 4 (Overall)
30
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Tennessine
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5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold
1.27
Rank: 34 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Francium
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5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium
1.14
Rank: 28 (Overall)
1.06
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
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5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium
2.73
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Gold
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5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium
523.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 79 (Overall)
603.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium
1,340.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
1,174.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 64 (Overall)
Ruthenium
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5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium
2,022.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)
2,417.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Osmium
ADD ⊕
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium
4,370.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
4,203.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Thorium
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5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium
6,445.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Dubnium
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5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium
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5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium
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5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Hassium
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5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Strontium
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5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese
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5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron
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5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cobalt
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5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel
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5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Copper
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5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium
2.18 g/amp-hr
Rank: 23 (Overall)
2.15 g/amp-hr
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium
ADD ⊕
5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum
3.30 eV
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
ADD ⊕
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine
71
Rank: 45 (Overall)
70
Rank: 46 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
[Xe] 4f14 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine
71
Rank: 44 (Overall)
70
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium
104
Rank: 30 (Overall)
103
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine
71
Rank: 44 (Overall)
70
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium
174.00 pm
Rank: 20 (Overall)
176.00 pm
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium
187.00 pm
Rank: 20 (Overall)
187.00 pm
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium
221.00 pm
Rank: 22 (Overall)
242.00 pm
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Zinc
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6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine
174.97 amu
Rank: 40 (Overall)
173.05 amu
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium
17.78 cm3/mol
Rank: 30 (Overall)
24.79 cm3/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Manganese
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6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum
50.90 (-eV)
Rank: 26 (Overall)
50.30 (-eV)
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Francium
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6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese
350.31 pm
Rank: 43 (Overall)
548.47 pm
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium
1.59
Rank: 10 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium
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7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium
9.84 g/cm3
Rank: 38 (Overall)
6.90 g/cm3
Rank: 62 (Overall)
Lithium
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7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium
9.30 g/cm3
Rank: 22 (Overall)
6.21 g/cm3
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Lithium
ADD ⊕
7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
58.00 MPa
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Indium
ADD ⊕
7.3 Viscosity
Mercury
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cerium
ADD ⊕
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium
3.18 (Pa)
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Tungsten
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7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium
27.20 GPa
Rank: 26 (Overall)
9.90 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
Potassium
ADD ⊕
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium
47.60 GPa
Rank: 23 (Overall)
30.50 GPa
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium
68.60 GPa
Rank: 30 (Overall)
23.90 GPa
Rank: 45 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium
0.26
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0.21
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Beryllium
ADD ⊕
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt
9.84
Rank: 29 (Overall)
6.97
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Lithium
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8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
ADD ⊕
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
ADD ⊕
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury
582.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0.25 nΩ·m
Rank: 69 (Overall)
Thallium
ADD ⊕
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver
0.02 106/cm Ω
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0.04 106/cm Ω
Rank: 38 (Overall)
Plutonium
ADD ⊕
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Mercury
ADD ⊕
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium
0.15 J/(kg K)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
0.15 J/(kg K)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Americium
ADD ⊕
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium
26.86 J/mol·K
Rank: 24 (Overall)
26.74 J/mol·K
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Beryllium
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9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver
16.40 W/m·K
Rank: 51 (Overall)
38.50 W/m·K
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Neptunium
ADD ⊕
9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
26.30 K
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Ytterbium
ADD ⊕
9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium
9.90 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 40 (Overall)
26.30 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Tungsten
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9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten
355.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
128.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
Zinc
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9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten
18.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)
7.66 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Cesium
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9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten
398.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
180.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
Mercury
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9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium
51.00 J/mol.K
Rank: 30 (Overall)
59.90 J/mol.K
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Beryllium
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