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Neptunium vs Promethium

Neptunium
Promethium
Promethium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np   
Pm   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7439998   
99+
7440122   
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
62.00   
11
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson   
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
Discovery
In 1940   
In 1942   
Abundance
  
  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
640.00 °C   
99+
1,042.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C   
13
3,000.00 °C   
31
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Np   
Pm   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
27   
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36   
29
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.07   
32
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64   
25
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol   
99+
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
39
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
93   
25
61   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93   
25
61   
99+
Number of Neutrons
144   
14
84   
40
Number of Electrons
93   
25
61   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm   
30
183.00 pm   
10
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm   
18
199.00 pm   
12
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
236.00 pm   
16
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu   
22
145.00 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol   
99+
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Neodymium
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Samarium
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)   
9
44.10 (-eV)   
39
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm   
3
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Unknown   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3   
14
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
33.00 GPa   
36
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
46.00 GPa   
38
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25   
6
7.26   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m   
99+
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K   
8
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K   
99+
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol   
99+
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
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