Neptunium vs Sodium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Np
Na
Group Number
Not Available
1
17
Period Number
7
3
Block
f block
s block
Element Family
Actinide
Alkali
CAS Number
7439998
99+
7440235
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
62.00
11
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson
Humphry Davy
Discovery
In 1940
In 1807
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-3 %
6
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.004 %
6
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.55 %
6
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
2.30 %
5
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
1.10 %
1
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.14 %
3
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
1
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
10,000.00 p.p.m.
2
Physical Properties
Melting Point
640.00 °C
99+
97.72 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C
13
883.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
0.50
22
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
0.69 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available
3,200.00 m/s
24
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Np
Na
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
17
22
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36
29
0.93
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.56
30
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.01
35
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.91
21
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
0.87
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64
25
3.07
6
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
99+
495.80 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,562.00 kJ/mol
4
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol
99+
6,910.30 kJ/mol
6
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol
99+
9,543.00 kJ/mol
5
5th Energy Level
Not Available
13,354.00 kJ/mol
4
6th Energy Level
Not Available
16,613.00 kJ/mol
4
7th Energy level
Not Available
20,117.00 kJ/mol
4
8th Energy Level
Not Available
25,496.00 kJ/mol
4
9th Energy Level
Not Available
28,932.00 kJ/mol
4
10th Energy Level
Not Available
141,362.00 kJ/mol
2
11th Energy Level
Not Available
159,076.00 kJ/mol
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr
39
0.86 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
2.75 eV
40
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
93
25
11
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
[Ne] 3s1
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
93
25
11
99+
Number of Neutrons
144
14
12
99+
Number of Electrons
93
25
11
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm
30
186.00 pm
9
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm
18
166.00 pm
27
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm
22
227.00 pm
21
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu
22
22.99 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol
99+
23.70 cm3/mol
10
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)
9
14.10 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm
3
429.06 pm
19
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3
14
0.97 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
0.93 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)
17
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
3.30 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
6.30 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available
10.00 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
20.25
6
0.97
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m
99+
47.70 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.21 106/cm Ω
9
Electron Affinity
Not Available
52.80 kJ/mol
19
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
1.23 J/(kg K)
3
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K
8
28.23 J/mol·K
10
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K
99+
142.00 W/m·K
11
Critical Temperature
Not Available
2,573.00 K
2
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
71.00 µm/(m·K)
4
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
89.04 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol
99+
2.59 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
108.40 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
51.30 J/mol.K
28
|
||
|
||
|
