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Neptunium vs Vanadium

Neptunium
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np  
V  
Group Number
Not Available  
5  
13
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439998  
99+
7440622  
27
Space Group Name
Pnma  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
62.00  
11
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Discovery
In 1940  
In 1801  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available  
1 * 10-4 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %  
~0.00004 %  
13
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available  
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available  
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
NA  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
36
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
0.00 p.p.m.  
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
640.00 °C  
99+
1,890.00 °C  
13
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C  
13
3,380.00 °C  
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Blue-Silver Grey  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
6.70  
4
Brinell Hardness
Not Available  
600.00 MPa  
20
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
628.00 MPa  
17
Speed of Sound
Not Available  
4,560.00 m/s  
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available  
61.00 %  
14
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Np  
V  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
22  
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
29
1.63  
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.39  
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
1.45  
16
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.53  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
2.37  
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
35
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
23
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
5
7th Energy level
Not Available  
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available  
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available  
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available  
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available  
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available  
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available  
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available  
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available  
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available  
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
39
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available  
4.30 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
93  
25
23  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93  
25
23  
99+
Number of Neutrons
144  
14
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
93  
25
23  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm  
30
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
153.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
22
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu  
22
50.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)  
9
120.00 (-eV)  
6
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm  
3
303.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3  
14
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available  
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
14
800.00 MPa  
6
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)  
17
0.23 (Pa)  
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available  
47.00 GPa  
16
Bulk Modulus
Not Available  
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
Not Available  
128.00 GPa  
15
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25  
6
5.96  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω  
35
Electron Affinity
Not Available  
50.60 kJ/mol  
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K  
8
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
30.70 W/m·K  
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available  
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available  
458.60 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available  
514.60 kJ/mol  
13
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available  
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
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