Symbol
No
  
Cr
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
7
  
4
  
Block
f block
  
d block
  
Element Family
Actinide
  
Transition Metal
  
Space Group Name
Not Available
  
Im_ 3m
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
- No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
- Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
- Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
  
Discovery
In 1966
  
In Between 1797 - 1798
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
1.5 * 10
-3 %
  
7
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
- It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
- It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Research Purposes
  
Alloys
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown
  
Highly Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
Yes
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3
  
12
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
0.33 p.p.m.
  
21
Melting Point
1,857.00 °C
  
14
Boiling Point
Not Available
  
2,672.00 °C
  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Unknown
  
Silver
  
Luster
Unknown Luster
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
1,060.00 MPa
  
10
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
5,940.00 m/s
  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
No
  
Cr
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
642.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol
  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,254.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
28,750.00 kJ/mol
  
1
3rd Energy Level
2,643.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol
  
1
4th Energy Level
3,956.00 kJ/mol
  
39
37,066.00 kJ/mol
  
1
5th Energy Level
Not Available
  
97,510.00 kJ/mol
  
1
6th Energy Level
Not Available
  
105,800.00 kJ/mol
  
1
7th Energy level
Not Available
  
114,300.00 kJ/mol
  
1
8th Energy Level
Not Available
  
125,300.00 kJ/mol
  
1
9th Energy Level
Not Available
  
134,700.00 kJ/mol
  
1
10th Energy Level
Not Available
  
144,300.00 kJ/mol
  
1
11th Energy Level
Not Available
  
26,130.00 kJ/mol
  
12
12th Energy Level
Not Available
  
28,750.00 kJ/mol
  
13
13th Energy Level
Not Available
  
34,230.00 kJ/mol
  
10
14th Energy Level
Not Available
  
37,066.00 kJ/mol
  
12
15th Energy Level
Not Available
  
97,510.00 kJ/mol
  
1
16th Energy Level
Not Available
  
105,800.00 kJ/mol
  
2
17th Energy Level
Not Available
  
114,300.00 kJ/mol
  
3
18th Energy Level
Not Available
  
125,300.00 kJ/mol
  
4
19th Energy Level
Not Available
  
134,700.00 kJ/mol
  
5
20th Energy Level
Not Available
  
144,300.00 kJ/mol
  
7
21st Energy Level
Not Available
  
157,700.00 kJ/mol
  
7
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
  
166,090.00 kJ/mol
  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.83 g/amp-hr
  
4
0.32 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2
  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1
  
Crystal Structure
Not Known
  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available
  
Covalent Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
Not Available
  
7.23 cm3/mol
  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
26.00 (-eV)
  
99+
170.00 (-eV)
  
4
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
NA
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
Not Available
  
7.19 g/cm
3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
  
Antiferromagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown
  
NA
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
125.00 nΩ·m
  
27
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
  
0.08 10
6/cm Ω
  
25
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
64.30 kJ/mol
  
15
Specific Heat
Not Available
  
0.45 J/(kg K)
  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
  
23.35 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
  
93.90 W/m·K
  
17
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
4.90 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
348.80 kJ/mol
  
24
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
15.31 kJ/mol
  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
  
397.50 kJ/mol
  
21
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
  
23.80 J/mol.K
  
99+