1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.8 CAS Number
74400427440224
7429905
54386242
1.10 Space Group Name
1.11 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
2.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %6 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
3.1.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
3.1.5 Abundance In Meteorites
3.1.8 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.2.4 Abundance In Oceans
3.2.6 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.1.2 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
3,045.00 °C961.93 °C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C2,212.00 °C
147
5660
7.6 Appearance
7.6.1 Physical State
7.6.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
7.6.3 Luster
7.7 Hardness
7.7.1 Mohs Hardness
7.8.1 Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa251.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.9.1 Vickers Hardness
7.10 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s2,680.00 m/s
818
16200
8.2 Optical Properties
8.2.1 Refractive Index
8.2.3 Reflectivity
8.4 Allotropes
8.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.5.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.6.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.6.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.7.1 Allen Electronegativity
9.9 Electropositivity
9.9.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.10 Ionization Energies
9.10.1 1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol731.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.10.3 2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol2,070.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.10.4 3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol3,361.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.10.6 4th Energy Level
9.11.1 5th Energy Level
9.11.2 6th Energy Level
9.11.3 7th Energy level
9.11.4 8th Energy Level
9.11.5 9th Energy Level
9.11.6 10th Energy Level
9.11.7 11th Energy Level
9.11.8 12th Energy Level
9.11.9 13th Energy Level
9.11.10 14th Energy Level
9.11.11 15th Energy Level
9.11.12 16th Energy Level
9.11.13 17th Energy Level
9.11.14 18th Energy Level
9.11.15 19th Energy Level
9.11.16 20th Energy Level
9.11.17 21st Energy Level
9.11.18 22nd Energy Level
9.11.19 23rd Energy Level
9.11.20 24th Energy Level
9.11.21 25th Energy Level
9.11.22 26th Energy Level
9.11.23 27th Energy Level
9.11.24 28th Energy Level
9.11.25 29th Energy Level
9.11.26 30th Energy Level
9.12 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr4.02 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.13 Electron Work Function
9.14 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
10.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.4.2 Number of Neutrons
10.4.3 Number of Electrons
10.5 Radius of an Atom
10.5.1 Atomic Radius
133.80 pm144.00 pm
112
265
10.5.2 Covalent Radius
10.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm172.00 pm
139
348
10.6 Atomic Weight
190.23 amu107.87 amu
6.94
294
10.7 Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol10.30 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.8.1 Previous Element
10.8.2 Next Element
10.9 Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)11.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.10 Lattice Constant
273.44 pm408.53 pm
228.58
891.25
10.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
10.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm310.49 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm39.32 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.2 Tensile Strength
11.3 Viscosity
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa30.00 GPa
1.3
222
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa100.00 GPa
1.6
462
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
11.6 Poisson Ratio
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m15.87 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω0.63 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol125.60 kJ/mol
0
222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K25.35 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K429.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)18.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol255.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol11.30 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol284.50 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K42.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1