1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
1.6 CAS Number
74400757440746
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
2.3.2 Discovery
In Between 1940 1941
In 1863
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.5.2 Abundance In Meteorites
2.7.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.2 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.3 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
-
It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
4.2.5 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
639.50 °C156.61 °C
27
3410
5.3 Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C2,000.00 °C
147
5660
5.5 Appearance
5.6.1 Physical State
5.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
5.6.3 Luster
5.7 Hardness
5.7.1 Mohs Hardness
5.9.1 Brinell Hardness
5.12.1 Vickers Hardness
6.2 Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s1,215.00 m/s
818
16200
6.5 Optical Properties
6.5.1 Refractive Index
6.6.2 Reflectivity
6.7 Allotropes
6.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
7.4 Electronegativity
7.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
7.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.4.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
7.4.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.5.1 Allen Electronegativity
9.7 Electropositivity
9.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.8 Ionization Energies
9.8.1 1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol558.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.9.1 2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol1,820.70 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.9.2 3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol2,704.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.9.3 4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol5,210.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.9.4 5th Energy Level
9.9.5 6th Energy Level
9.9.6 7th Energy level
9.9.7 8th Energy Level
9.9.8 9th Energy Level
9.9.9 10th Energy Level
9.9.10 11th Energy Level
9.9.11 12th Energy Level
9.9.12 13th Energy Level
9.9.13 14th Energy Level
9.9.14 15th Energy Level
9.9.15 16th Energy Level
9.9.16 17th Energy Level
9.9.17 18th Energy Level
9.9.18 19th Energy Level
9.9.19 20th Energy Level
9.9.20 21st Energy Level
9.9.21 22nd Energy Level
9.9.22 23rd Energy Level
9.9.23 24th Energy Level
9.9.24 25th Energy Level
9.9.25 26th Energy Level
9.9.26 27th Energy Level
9.9.27 28th Energy Level
9.9.28 29th Energy Level
9.9.29 30th Energy Level
9.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr1.43 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.11 Electron Work Function
9.12 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
10.3 Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Tetragonal (TETR)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.4.2 Number of Neutrons
10.4.3 Number of Electrons
10.5 Radius of an Atom
10.5.1 Atomic Radius
159.00 pm167.00 pm
112
265
10.5.2 Covalent Radius
187.00 pm142.00 pm
96
260
10.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm193.00 pm
139
348
10.6 Atomic Weight
244.00 amu114.82 amu
6.94
294
10.7 Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol15.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.8.1 Previous Element
10.8.2 Next Element
10.9 Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)54.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.10 Lattice Constant
618.30 pm325.23 pm
228.58
891.25
10.11 Lattice Angles
10.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm37.31 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm37.02 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.2 Tensile Strength
11.3 Viscosity
11.4 Vapor Pressure
11.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.01 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
11.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.5 Elasticity properties
11.5.1 Shear Modulus
11.5.2 Bulk Modulus
11.5.3 Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa11.00 GPa
1.7
528
11.6 Poisson Ratio
11.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
12.1.3 Permeability
12.1.4 Susceptibility
12.2 Electrical Properties
12.2.1 Electrical Property
12.2.2 Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m83.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.12 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.2.4 Electron Affinity
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K26.74 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K81.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)32.10 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol226.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol3.28 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol242.70 kJ/mol
61.5
837
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA57.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1