1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.5 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
2.8 CAS Number
74400757439976
7429905
54386242
2.9 Space Group Name
2.10 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
3.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Ancient Chinese and Indians
3.3.2 Discovery
In Between 1940 1941
Before 2000 BCE
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.2.4 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
5.1.1 Abundance In Meteorites
5.2.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.4.2 Abundance In Oceans
1.4.4 Abundance In Humans
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
-
It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
2.1.2 Medical Uses
2.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.01 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
2.3.1 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.45 p.p.m.
0
170000
3 Physical
3.1 Melting Point
3.4 Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C356.58 °C
147
5660
4.5 Appearance
4.5.1 Physical State
4.5.2 Color
4.5.3 Luster
4.6 Hardness
4.6.1 Mohs Hardness
4.7.2 Brinell Hardness
5.4.2 Vickers Hardness
5.5 Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s1,451.40 m/s
818
16200
5.6 Optical Properties
5.6.1 Refractive Index
5.6.2 Reflectivity
5.7 Allotropes
5.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.5 Electronegativity
6.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.5.5 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.2.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.1.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.2.2 Allen Electronegativity
8.5 Electropositivity
8.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.6 Ionization Energies
8.6.1 1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol1,007.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.6.4 2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol1,810.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.7.1 3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol3,300.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.2.2 4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
9.3.2 5th Energy Level
9.3.5 6th Energy Level
9.3.7 7th Energy level
9.3.11 8th Energy Level
9.3.13 9th Energy Level
9.5.2 10th Energy Level
9.5.6 11th Energy Level
9.5.10 12th Energy Level
9.5.14 13th Energy Level
9.5.19 14th Energy Level
9.5.24 15th Energy Level
9.5.27 16th Energy Level
9.5.30 17th Energy Level
9.5.34 18th Energy Level
9.5.38 19th Energy Level
9.6.2 20th Energy Level
9.6.4 21st Energy Level
9.7.1 22nd Energy Level
9.7.3 23rd Energy Level
10.1.1 24th Energy Level
10.1.4 25th Energy Level
10.1.7 26th Energy Level
10.4.2 27th Energy Level
10.4.4 28th Energy Level
10.4.7 29th Energy Level
10.4.11 30th Energy Level
10.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr3.74 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.8 Electron Work Function
11.3 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.5 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
12.6 Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
12.6.1 Crystal Lattice
12.7 Atom
12.7.1 Number of Protons
12.8.1 Number of Neutrons
12.9.2 Number of Electrons
12.11 Radius of an Atom
12.11.1 Atomic Radius
159.00 pm151.00 pm
112
265
12.14.1 Covalent Radius
187.00 pm132.00 pm
96
260
12.15.1 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm155.00 pm
139
348
12.19 Atomic Weight
244.00 amu200.59 amu
6.94
294
13.2 Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol14.82 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.2.1 Previous Element
14.2.2 Next Element
14.3 Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)28.20 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.4 Lattice Constant
618.30 pm300.50 pm
228.58
891.25
14.9 Lattice Angles
14.10 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm313.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.5 Tensile Strength
15.7 Viscosity
15.8 Vapor Pressure
15.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.1.4 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.2 Elasticity properties
16.2.1 Shear Modulus
16.4.1 Bulk Modulus
16.4.3 Young's Modulus
18.3 Poisson Ratio
18.6 Other Mechanical Properties
19 Magnetic
19.1 Magnetic Characteristics
19.1.1 Specific Gravity
19.3.1 Magnetic Ordering
19.3.2 Permeability
19.3.3 Susceptibility
19.5 Electrical Properties
19.5.1 Electrical Property
19.5.2 Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m961.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
19.5.5 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
20.1.1 Electron Affinity
21 Thermal
21.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.14 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
21.4 Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K27.98 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
21.5 Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K8.30 W/m·K
6.3
429
21.7 Critical Temperature
21.9 Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)60.40 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
21.11 Enthalpy
21.11.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol56.90 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
21.11.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol2.29 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
21.11.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol61.50 kJ/mol
61.5
837
21.12 Standard Molar Entropy
NA75.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1