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Plutonium vs Silver

Plutonium
Silver
Silver vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
Ag  
Group Number
0  
18
11  
7
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440224  
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
11.00  
16
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
-  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
29
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.44 p.p.m.  
24
Physical
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
961.93 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
25
2,212.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
627.00 MPa  
22
251.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
617.00 MPa  
26
229.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
0.16  
99+
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
97.00 %  
1
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pu  
Ag  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
34
1.93  
10
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.28  
26
1.83  
14
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.47  
28
Allen Electronegativity
1.28  
99+
1.87  
10
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
2.07  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,070.00 kJ/mol  
11
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,361.00 kJ/mol  
19
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
10
5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
24
6th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
39
7th Energy level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
33
8th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
27
10th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
32
11th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
12th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
25
14th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
22
16th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
17
17th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
38
18th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
28
19th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
35
20th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
29
21st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
23
23rd Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
25th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
26th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
27th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
21
28th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
29th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
28
30th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
4.02 g/amp-hr  
7
Electron Work Function
3.88 eV  
38
4.26 eV  
27
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
94  
24
47  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
47  
99+
Number of Neutrons
150  
12
61  
99+
Number of Electrons
94  
24
47  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
144.00 pm  
38
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
145.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
172.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
107.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
10.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Palladium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Cadmium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
11.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
408.53 pm  
23
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.74  
6
1.59  
26
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
10.49 g/cm3  
37
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
18
9.32 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
170.00 MPa  
21
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
28
0.00 (Pa)  
14
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
23
83.00 GPa  
25
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
33
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
16
10.50  
39
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
32
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
15.87 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.63 106/cm Ω  
1
Electron Affinity
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
125.60 kJ/mol  
5
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.24 J/(kg K)  
25
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
25.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
429.00 W/m·K  
1
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
1,235.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
255.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
11.30 kJ/mol  
37
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
284.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
42.60 J/mol.K  
99+
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