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Plutonium vs Tantalum

Plutonium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
Ta  
Group Number
0  
18
5  
13
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
11.00  
16
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
Physical
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
25
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray Blue  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
627.00 MPa  
22
440.00 MPa  
33
Vickers Hardness
617.00 MPa  
26
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
3,400.00 m/s  
33
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pu  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
34
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.28  
26
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.33  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.28  
99+
1.34  
38
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7th Energy level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
8th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
10th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
11th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
12th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
14th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
15th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
16th Energy Level
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
17th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
18th Energy Level
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
19th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
20th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
21st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
23rd Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
25th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
26th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
27th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
28th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
29th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
30th Energy Level
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.88 eV  
38
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
94  
24
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
150  
12
108  
29
Number of Electrons
94  
24
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
30
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.74  
6
1.41  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
18
15.00 g/cm3  
23
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
180.00 MPa  
20
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
28
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
23
186.00 GPa  
14
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
33
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
16
16.65  
20
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
Electron Affinity
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
3,290.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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