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Plutonium vs Uranium

Plutonium
Uranium
Uranium vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu   
U   
Group Number
0   
18
0   
18
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440075   
99+
7440611   
28
Space Group Name
P121/m1   
Cmcm   
Space Group Number
11.00   
13
63.00   
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Not Available   
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941   
In 1789   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-8 %   
29
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
36
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
11
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C   
99+
1,132.00 °C   
39
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C   
24
3,818.00 °C   
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
2,350.00 MPa   
2
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,960.00 MPa   
2
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
3,155.00 m/s   
25
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu   
U   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28   
33
1.38   
28
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.22   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72   
21
2.62   
26
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.63 eV   
30
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94   
24
92   
26
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94   
24
92   
26
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
146   
13
Number of Electrons
94   
24
92   
26
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm   
28
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
196.00 pm   
14
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
186.00 pm   
33
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu   
19
238.03 amu   
21
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
12.59 cm3/mol   
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Protactinium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Neptunium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)   
21
170.00 (-eV)   
4
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm   
4
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3   
13
19.10 g/cm3   
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3   
8
17.30 g/cm3   
7
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)   
12
0.01 (Pa)   
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
111.00 GPa   
10
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
100.00 GPa   
16
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa   
21
208.00 GPa   
10
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
32
0.23   
30
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84   
7
18.80   
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
27.67 J/mol·K   
15
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
27.50 W/m·K   
40
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
477.00 kJ/mol   
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
489.50 kJ/mol   
14
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
50.20 J/mol.K   
31
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