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Plutonium vs Uranium

Plutonium
Uranium
Uranium vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
U  
Group Number
0  
18
0  
18
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440611  
28
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
Cmcm  
Space Group Number
11.00  
13
63.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Not Available  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
In 1789  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available  
2 * 10-8 %  
29
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %  
~0.0000001 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available  
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
11
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
Not Available  
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Not Available  
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
1,132.00 °C  
39
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
24
3,818.00 °C  
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
NA  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available  
2,350.00 MPa  
2
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
1,960.00 MPa  
2
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
3,155.00 m/s  
25
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu  
U  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
33
1.38  
28
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
1.22  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
2.62  
26
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
22
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available  
3.63 eV  
30
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94  
24
92  
26
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
92  
26
Number of Neutrons
150  
11
146  
13
Number of Electrons
94  
24
92  
26
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
28
156.00 pm  
29
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
196.00 pm  
14
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
186.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
238.03 amu  
21
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
12.59 cm3/mol  
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Protactinium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Neptunium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
NA  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
19.10 g/cm3  
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
8
17.30 g/cm3  
7
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
0.01 (Pa)  
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
111.00 GPa  
10
Bulk Modulus
Not Available  
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
21
208.00 GPa  
10
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
32
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
7
18.80  
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.04 106/cm Ω  
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
3
27.67 J/mol·K  
15
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
27.50 W/m·K  
40
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
25
477.00 kJ/mol  
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
26
489.50 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available  
50.20 J/mol.K  
31
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