1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.2 Period Number
2.3 Block
2.4 Element Family
2.5 CAS Number
74401007440348
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
Not Available
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Not Available
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.5.2 Abundance In Meteorites
5.7.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.7.2 Abundance In Oceans
5.7.3 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
-
This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.2.4 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
935.00 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
7.2 Boiling Point
3,130.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
7.3 Appearance
7.3.1 Physical State
7.3.2 Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
7.3.3 Luster
7.4 Hardness
7.4.1 Mohs Hardness
7.4.2 Brinell Hardness
7.4.3 Vickers Hardness
7.5 Speed of Sound
7.6 Optical Properties
7.6.1 Refractive Index
7.6.2 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,020.00 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,086.00 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,761.00 kJ/mol4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.5.5 5th Energy Level
5,551.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
8.5.6 6th Energy Level
8.5.7 7th Energy level
8.5.8 8th Energy Level
8.5.9 9th Energy Level
8.5.10 10th Energy Level
8.5.11 11th Energy Level
8.5.12 12th Energy Level
8.5.13 13th Energy Level
8.5.14 14th Energy Level
8.5.15 15th Energy Level
8.5.16 16th Energy Level
8.5.17 17th Energy Level
8.5.18 18th Energy Level
8.5.19 19th Energy Level
8.5.20 20th Energy Level
8.5.21 21st Energy Level
8.5.22 22nd Energy Level
8.5.23 23rd Energy Level
8.5.24 24th Energy Level
8.5.25 25th Energy Level
8.5.26 26th Energy Level
8.5.27 27th Energy Level
8.5.28 28th Energy Level
8.5.29 29th Energy Level
8.5.30 30th Energy Level
8.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.75 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
8.7 Electron Work Function
8.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
9 Atomic
9.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
9.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.2 Number of Neutrons
9.4.3 Number of Electrons
9.5 Radius of an Atom
9.5.1 Atomic Radius
182.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
9.5.2 Covalent Radius
9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
9.6 Atomic Weight
140.91 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
9.7 Atomic Volume
20.80 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
9.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.8.1 Previous Element
9.8.2 Next Element
9.9 Valence Electron Potential
42.64 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
9.10 Lattice Constant
367.25 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
9.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
9.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
10 Mechanical
10.1 Density
10.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
10.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.2 Tensile Strength
10.3 Viscosity
10.4 Vapor Pressure
10.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
10.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.20 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
10.5 Elasticity properties
10.5.1 Shear Modulus
10.5.2 Bulk Modulus
10.5.3 Young's Modulus
10.6 Poisson Ratio
10.7 Other Mechanical Properties
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
11.1.3 Permeability
11.1.4 Susceptibility
11.2 Electrical Properties
11.2.1 Electrical Property
11.2.2 Resistivity
11.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
11.2.4 Electron Affinity
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
12.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
12.3 Thermal Conductivity
12.50 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
12.4 Critical Temperature
12.5 Thermal Expansion
12.6 Enthalpy
12.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
296.80 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
12.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
368.00 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
12.7 Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1