Praseodymium

Bohrium

Praseodymium Bohrium Comparison

Praseodymium

Bohrium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

NA7

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

f block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Lanthanide

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

744010054037148

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

P63/mmc

Not Available

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00NA

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.

Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).

2.2 Sources

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Not Available

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1885

In 1981

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

2 * 10^-7 %NA

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.0000001 %~-9999 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %NA

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %NA

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %NA

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NANA

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.

Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Chemical Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

Research Purposes

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Moderately Toxic

Unknown

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

NA0.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

935.00 °CNA

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

3,130.00 °CNA

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Grayish White

Unknown

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

Unknown Luster

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NANA

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

481.00 MPaNA

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

400.00 MPaNA

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

2,280.00 m/sNA

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NANA

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

315

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.13NA

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NANA

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.07NA

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NANA

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NANA

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.87NA

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

527.00 kJ/mol742.90 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,020.00 kJ/mol1,688.50 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,086.00 kJ/mol2,566.50 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

3,761.00 kJ/mol3,598.90 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

5,551.00 kJ/mol4,727.80 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NA5,991.70 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NA7,226.80 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.75 g/amp-hrNA

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

2.70 eVNA

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

59107

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f³ 6s²

[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵ 7s²

6.3 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

59107

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

82155

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

59107

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

182.00 pm128.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

203.00 pm141.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

239.00 pmNA

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

140.91 amu270.00 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

20.80 cm3/molNA

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

42.64 (-eV)NA

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

367.25 pmNA

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

1.61NA

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

6.77 g/cm³37.10 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

6.50 g/cm3NA

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)NA

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

13.20 (Pa)NA

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

14.80 GPaNA

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

28.80 GPaNA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

37.30 GPaNA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

0.28NA

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

Unknown

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

6.77NA

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Unknown

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

Unknown

8.2.2 Resistivity

0.70 nΩ·mNA

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

0.01 10⁶/cm ΩNA

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

50.00 kJ/molNA

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.19 J/(kg K)NA

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

27.20 J/mol·KNA

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

12.50 W/m·KNA

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

6.70 µm/(m·K)NA

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

296.80 kJ/molNA

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

6.89 kJ/molNA

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

368.00 kJ/molNA

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

73.20 J/mol.KNA

9.5 198.1

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