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Rutherfordium vs Technetium

Rutherfordium
Technetium
Technetium vs Rutherfordium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Rf  
Tc  
Group Number
4  
14
7  
11
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
53850365  
13
7440268  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced  
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Discovery
In 1964  
In 1937  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,100.00 °C  
11
2,200.00 °C  
9
Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C  
3
4,877.00 °C  
7
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Shiny Gray  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
1,300.00 MPa  
9
550.00 MPa  
27
Vickers Hardness
550.00 MPa  
31
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
6,100.00 m/s  
5
16,200.00 m/s  
1
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
35.00 %  
34
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Rf  
Tc  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13  
26
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.00  
99+
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.36  
21
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
0.90  
99+
1.51  
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol  
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
5th Energy Level
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
6th Energy Level
11,600.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
11th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
12th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
14th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
15th Energy Level
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
16th Energy Level
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
17th Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
19th Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
21st Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
23rd Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
26th Energy Level
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
27th Energy Level
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
28th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
14
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
29th Energy Level
580.60 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
6.00 eV  
1
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
104  
14
43  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
104  
14
43  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
55  
99+
Number of Electrons
104  
14
43  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
150.00 pm  
35
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm  
33
147.00 pm  
39
Van der Waals Radius
250.00 pm  
10
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
267.00 amu  
11
98.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
23.20 cm3/mol  
15
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lawrencium
  
Molybdenum
  
Next Element
Dubnium
  
Ruthenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
6.00 (-eV)  
99+
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
-  
273.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.60  
21
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm3  
8
11.00 g/cm3  
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
23.20 g/cm3  
9
11.00 g/cm3  
34
Tensile Strength
23.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
23.00 GPa  
99+
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
12.80 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.38  
6
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
23.00  
10
11.50  
37
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.29 nΩ·m  
99+
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
Molar Heat Capacity
23.20 J/mol·K  
99+
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.23 W/m·K  
99+
50.60 W/m·K  
30
Critical Temperature
2,400.00 K  
12
2,150.00 K  
16
Thermal Expansion
23.20 µm/(m·K)  
17
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
Standard Molar Entropy
57.60 J/mol.K  
28
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
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