1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.6 Period Number
2.8 Block
2.9 Element Family
2.10 CAS Number
74401997440724
7429905
54386242
3.4 Space Group Name
3.5 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
- Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
- Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
- Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5.0.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
6.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
6.4.8 Abundance In Earth's Crust
7.2.6 Abundance In Oceans
7.2.10 Abundance In Humans
10 Uses
10.1 Uses & Benefits
- Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
- Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
- Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
10.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
10.1.2 Medical Uses
10.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
NA
10.2 Biological Properties
10.2.1 Toxicity
10.2.2 Present in Human Body
10.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
10.3.1 In Bone
13 Physical
13.1 Melting Point
1,072.00 °C1,527.00 °C
27
3410
14.5 Boiling Point
14.7 Appearance
14.7.1 Physical State
14.7.2 Color
14.7.3 Luster
14.8 Hardness
14.8.1 Mohs Hardness
16.4.1 Brinell Hardness
16.9.3 Vickers Hardness
17.4 Speed of Sound
17.7 Optical Properties
17.7.1 Refractive Index
17.7.4 Reflectivity
18.4 Allotropes
18.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
18.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
18.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
19 Chemical
19.1 Chemical Formula
19.2 Isotopes
19.2.1 Known Isotopes
19.4 Electronegativity
19.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
20.2.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
21.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
21.4.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
21.6.2 Allen Electronegativity
21.7 Electropositivity
21.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
21.9 Ionization Energies
21.9.1 1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol627.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
21.9.4 2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol1,225.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
21.10.3 3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol2,363.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
21.11.4 4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol3,792.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
21.13.3 5th Energy Level
21.14.4 6th Energy Level
21.14.8 7th Energy level
21.14.11 8th Energy Level
21.14.15 9th Energy Level
21.14.19 10th Energy Level
21.14.32 11th Energy Level
21.14.36 12th Energy Level
21.14.41 13th Energy Level
21.14.46 14th Energy Level
21.14.51 15th Energy Level
21.14.54 16th Energy Level
21.14.59 17th Energy Level
21.14.65 18th Energy Level
21.14.69 19th Energy Level
21.14.74 20th Energy Level
21.14.80 21st Energy Level
21.14.82 22nd Energy Level
21.14.87 23rd Energy Level
21.14.92 24th Energy Level
21.14.97 25th Energy Level
21.14.101 26th Energy Level
21.15.2 27th Energy Level
21.15.5 28th Energy Level
21.15.8 29th Energy Level
21.15.12 30th Energy Level
21.17 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr3.20 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
22.2 Electron Work Function
22.7 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
23 Atomic
23.1 Atomic Number
23.4 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2
[Rn] 5f12 7s2
23.5 Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Not Known
23.5.2 Crystal Lattice
23.6 Atom
23.6.1 Number of Protons
24.5.2 Number of Neutrons
25.2.1 Number of Electrons
25.9 Radius of an Atom
25.9.1 Atomic Radius
26.1.3 Covalent Radius
26.2.2 Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm245.00 pm
139
348
26.7 Atomic Weight
150.36 amu257.00 amu
6.94
294
26.12 Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
27.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
27.2.1 Previous Element
27.2.2 Next Element
27.3 Valence Electron Potential
27.6 Lattice Constant
362.10 pmNA
228.58
891.25
27.11 Lattice Angles
27.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
28 Mechanical
28.1 Density
28.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
29.4.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
29.8 Tensile Strength
29.11 Viscosity
29.15 Vapor Pressure
29.15.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
30.1.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
31.4 Elasticity properties
31.4.1 Shear Modulus
32.2.3 Bulk Modulus
32.4.1 Young's Modulus
32.9 Poisson Ratio
32.11 Other Mechanical Properties
33 Magnetic
33.1 Magnetic Characteristics
33.1.1 Specific Gravity
34.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
34.1.3 Permeability
34.2.2 Susceptibility
35.2 Electrical Properties
35.2.1 Electrical Property
35.2.2 Resistivity
35.4.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
36.4.5 Electron Affinity
37 Thermal
37.1 Specific Heat
37.2 Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
39.2 Thermal Conductivity
40.4 Critical Temperature
40.8 Thermal Expansion
40.12 Enthalpy
40.12.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
40.13.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
41.1.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
41.4 Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1