1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.2 Period Number
2.7 Block
2.8 Element Family
Transition Metal
Probably Post-Transition
2.9 CAS Number
744020254100719
7429905
54386242
2.13 Space Group Name
2.14 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
- Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
Not Available
3.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Synthetically Produced
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Lars Fredrik Nilson
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.5.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.5.6 Abundance In Meteorites
4.6.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.7.1 Abundance In Oceans
4.7.2 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
-
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
- Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
5.3.1 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
8.2 Boiling Point
8.3 Appearance
8.3.1 Physical State
8.3.2 Color
8.3.3 Luster
8.4 Hardness
8.4.1 Mohs Hardness
9.1.1 Brinell Hardness
9.4.1 Vickers Hardness
9.6 Speed of Sound
9.9 Optical Properties
9.9.1 Refractive Index
9.10.3 Reflectivity
9.11 Allotropes
9.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10 Chemical
10.1 Chemical Formula
10.2 Isotopes
10.2.1 Known Isotopes
10.3 Electronegativity
10.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.4.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
12.2.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
12.3.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
12.4.2 Allen Electronegativity
12.5 Electropositivity
12.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
12.6 Ionization Energies
12.6.1 1st Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol723.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
13.1.1 2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol1,331.50 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
13.2.1 3rd Energy Level
2,388.60 kJ/mol2,846.30 kJ/mol
1600
34230
13.3.1 4th Energy Level
7,090.60 kJ/mol3,811.20 kJ/mol
2780
37066
13.3.2 5th Energy Level
8,843.00 kJ/mol6,078.60 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
13.4.2 6th Energy Level
10,679.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
13.5.2 7th Energy level
13,310.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
13.6.1 8th Energy Level
15,250.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
13.6.3 9th Energy Level
17,370.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
13.7.1 10th Energy Level
21,726.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
13.7.3 11th Energy Level
24,102.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
13.8.3 12th Energy Level
66,320.00 kJ/molNA
22219
189368
13.8.6 13th Energy Level
73,010.00 kJ/molNA
26930
76015
13.8.9 14th Energy Level
80,160.00 kJ/molNA
29196
86450
13.8.11 15th Energy Level
89,490.00 kJ/molNA
41987
97510
13.9.1 16th Energy Level
97,400.00 kJ/molNA
47206
109480
13.9.3 17th Energy Level
105,600.00 kJ/molNA
52737
122200
13.9.5 18th Energy Level
117,000.00 kJ/molNA
58570
134810
13.9.7 19th Energy Level
124,270.00 kJ/molNA
64702
148700
13.9.8 20th Energy Level
13.9.10 21st Energy Level
13.9.11 22nd Energy Level
13.9.13 23rd Energy Level
13.9.14 24th Energy Level
13.9.16 25th Energy Level
13.9.17 26th Energy Level
13.9.19 27th Energy Level
13.9.21 28th Energy Level
13.9.22 29th Energy Level
13.9.24 30th Energy Level
13.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.56 g/amp-hrNA
0.16812
8.3209
13.11 Electron Work Function
13.12 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4
14.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Not Known
14.3.1 Crystal Lattice
14.4 Atom
14.4.1 Number of Protons
14.4.4 Number of Neutrons
14.4.6 Number of Electrons
14.5 Radius of an Atom
14.5.1 Atomic Radius
14.5.3 Covalent Radius
14.5.5 Van der Waals Radius
14.6 Atomic Weight
44.96 amu293.00 amu
6.94
294
14.8 Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
14.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.9.1 Previous Element
14.9.2 Next Element
14.10 Valence Electron Potential
14.12 Lattice Constant
330.90 pmNA
228.58
891.25
15.2 Lattice Angles
15.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
16 Mechanical
16.1 Density
16.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
16.4.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.5 Tensile Strength
16.6 Viscosity
16.7 Vapor Pressure
16.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.7.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)NA
2.62E-10
774
16.9 Elasticity properties
16.9.1 Shear Modulus
16.9.3 Bulk Modulus
16.10.1 Young's Modulus
16.11 Poisson Ratio
16.13 Other Mechanical Properties
17 Magnetic
17.1 Magnetic Characteristics
17.1.1 Specific Gravity
17.3.1 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
17.3.2 Permeability
17.3.3 Susceptibility
17.5 Electrical Properties
17.5.1 Electrical Property
17.5.2 Resistivity
17.7.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
18.1.2 Electron Affinity
19 Thermal
19.1 Specific Heat
19.3 Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
19.5 Thermal Conductivity
19.7 Critical Temperature
19.8 Thermal Expansion
19.10 Enthalpy
19.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
314.20 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
19.10.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
19.10.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
19.11 Standard Molar Entropy
34.60 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1