Symbol
U
Pb
Group Number
014
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
76
2
7
👆🏻
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
74406117439921
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Cmcm
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
63.00225.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
-
-
Discovery
In 1789
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
-
Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.21 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.30.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C327.50 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C1,740.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.001.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s1,190.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.382.02
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
80.00 %5.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
U
Pb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
2535
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.381.87
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.382.29
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.221.55
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.382.41
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.381.85
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.621.67
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol1,450.50 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol3,081.50 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol4,083.00 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol6,640.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr3.87 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV4.25 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Number
9282
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
9282
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
146125
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
9282
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm175.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm146.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm202.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu207.20 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol18.17 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)24.20 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm495.08 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.021.51
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm311.34 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm310.66 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa12.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)1.64 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa5.60 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa46.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa16.00 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.230.44
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
18.8011.35
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m208.00 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol35.10 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K26.65 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K35.30 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K600.61 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)28.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol179.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol4.77 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol194.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K64.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻