berkelium

Panerapan

berkelium mungsuh Panerapan

berkelium

Panerapan

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya13

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

p pemblokiran

1.5 Family unsur

actinide

Transisi Post-

1.6 CAS Number

74404067440553

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

Cmca

1.8 Space Group Number

194.0064.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

X-ray Diffraction- senyawa sing beda saka logam Berkelium sing dikenali nggunakake.

komersial saka logam Berkelium sing durung ditemokake.

A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.

2.2 sumber

Némbakaké Americium karo Alpha partikel.

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Lecoq de Boisbaudran

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1949

ing taun 1875

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

ora Sumadhiya1 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.000004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

logam iki arang banget lan wis ora komersial.

Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.

Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Unknown

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.08 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

986.00 ° C29.78 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,627.00 ° C2,403.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

perak Putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya1.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiya56.80 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

ora Sumadhiya2,740.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

1424

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.301.81

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.42

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.201.82

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.01

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

2.701.76

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.702.19

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

601.00 kJ / mol578.80 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,186.00 kJ / mol1,979.30 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,152.00 kJ / mol2,963.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

3,434.00 kJ / mol6,180.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

3.07 g / amp-day0.87 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya4.20 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

9731

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Rn] 5F ⁹ 7s ²

[Ar] 3d ¹⁰ 4s ² 4p ¹

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Double Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (DHCP)

Orthorhombic (Orth)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

9731

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

15039

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

9731

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

170.00 pm135.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

ora Sumadhiya122.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

ora Sumadhiya187.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

247.00 Amu69.72 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

ora Sumadhiya11.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

45.50 (-eV)69.70 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

341.60 pm451.97 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

14.78 g / cm ³5.91 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

13.25 g / cm36.10 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

ora Sumadhiya9.80 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

ora Sumadhiya0.47

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

14.005.91

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

diamagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

Semiconductor

8.2.2 resistivity

ora Sumadhiya270.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

ora Sumadhiya0.07 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

ora Sumadhiya28.90 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

ora Sumadhiya0.37 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

ora Sumadhiya25.86 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

10.00 W / m · K40.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

ora Sumadhiya18.00 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

ora Sumadhiya256.10 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

ora Sumadhiya5.59 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

ora Sumadhiya276.10 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

ora Sumadhiya40.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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