1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
s pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
1.5 Family unsur
1.6 CAS Number
74407027440542
7429905
54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
1.8 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Calcium rangking Alexa 5th ing dhaftar turah mbrawah bumi persentasi.
- Iki urip ing negara senyawa.
- Gypsum utawa calcium sulfat digunakake minangka plester lan plester saka paris.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
2.2 sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Humphry Davy
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1808
ing taun 1880
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-3 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.007 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
1.40 %ora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
3.2.3 Sang
60.50 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya
0
1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
170,000.00 ppmora Sumadhiya
0
170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
839.00 ° C1,311.00 ° C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,484.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C
147
5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
4.3.2 warna
4.3.3 luster
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
1.75ora Sumadhiya
0.2
8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
170.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya510.00 MPa
121
3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
3,810.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s
818
16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
4.7 allotropes
4.7.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.95ora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.08ora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
1.03ora Sumadhiya
0.659
2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
589.80 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,145.40 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
4,912.40 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
6,491.00 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
8,153.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
10,496.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
12,270.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
14,206.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
18,191.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
20,385.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
57,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
63,410.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
70,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
78,890.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
86,310.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
94,000.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
104,900.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
111,711.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
0.75 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 4s 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
197.00 pm180.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
176.00 pm196.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
231.00 pm237.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Bobot atom
40.08 Amu47.87 Amu
6.94
294
6.7 Volume atom
29.90 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
29.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Constant pola
558.84 pm363.60 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya1.59
1.567
1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
1.55 g / cm 37.90 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
1.38 g / cm37.40 g / cm3
0.512
20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
25.50 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
1.2.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya7.39 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
1.3 situs kelenturan
1.3.1 nyukur pengaturan
7.40 GPA21.80 GPA
1.3
222
1.3.2 pengaturan akeh
17.00 GPA37.90 GPA
1.6
462
1.4.2 Young kang pengaturan
20.00 GPA54.80 GPA
1.7
528
1.5 Poisson rasio
1.6 Properties Teknik liyane
2 Magnetic
2.1 Ciri Magnetic
2.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
2.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
2.1.4 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
2.1.5 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
2.2 Properties Listrik
2.2.1 Property Listrik
2.2.2 resistivity
33.60 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m
0.18
961
2.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.30 10 6 / cm Ω0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
2.2.5 elektron Affinity
2.37 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
3 termal
3.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.63 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
3.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.93 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
3.4 doyo termal
201.00 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K
6.3
429
3.5 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
3.7 Expansion termal
22.30 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
3.8 enthalpy
3.8.1 Enthalpy panguapan
150.00 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
3.8.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
8.54 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
3.8.4 Enthalpy saka atomization
184.00 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol
61.5
837
3.9 Standard molar Entropy
41.60 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1