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calcium
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Gadolinium
Gadolinium



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Gadolinium

mbandhingaké calcium lan Gadolinium

1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
Ca
Gd
1.2 Panggil Group
20
sodium
0 17
1.3 Panggil periode
46
lithium unsur
2 7
1.4 Block
s pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
1.5 Family unsur
alkalin bumi
lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
74407027440542
Aluminium unsur
7429905 54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
Fm_ 3M
P63 / mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
225.00194.00
plutonium unsur
11 229
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
  • Calcium rangking Alexa 5th ing dhaftar turah mbrawah bumi persentasi.
  • Iki urip ing negara senyawa.
  • Gypsum utawa calcium sulfat digunakake minangka plester lan plester saka paris.
  • Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
  • metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
2.2 sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Humphry Davy
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1808
ing taun 1880
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-3 %2 * 10-7 %
Thallium unsur
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.007 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium unsur
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
1.10 %0.00 %
Gold unsur
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
5.00 %0.00 %
Radium unsur
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %0.00 %
Protaktinium unsur
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
1.40 %ora Sumadhiya
Radium unsur
1E-13 1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
  • wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
  • Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
3.2.3 Sang
60.50 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya
plutonium unsur
0 1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
170,000.00 ppmora Sumadhiya
plutonium unsur
0 170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
839.00 ° C1,311.00 ° C
Francium unsur
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,484.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C
Flerovium unsur
147 5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 warna
Gray
perak Putih
4.3.3 luster
NA
metallic
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
1.75ora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
170.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya510.00 MPa
Palladium unsur
121 3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
3,810.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s
Thallium unsur
818 16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury unsur
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
58 97
4.7 allotropes
Ora
Ora
4.7.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
Ca
Gd
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
1926
Tennessine unsur
0 38
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.001.20
Francium unsur
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.95ora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.041.11
sesium unsur
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.08ora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
1.03ora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
3.002.80
Gold unsur
1.46 3.3
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
589.80 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol
sesium unsur
375.7 26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,145.40 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol
uranium unsur
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
4,912.40 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol
osmium unsur
1600 34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
6,491.00 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol
thorium unsur
2780 37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
8,153.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
dubnium unsur
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
10,496.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Seaborgium unsur
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
12,270.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Bohrium unsur
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
14,206.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
hassium unsur
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
18,191.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Yttrium unsur
14110 134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
20,385.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
strontium unsur
17100 144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
57,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Yttrium unsur
19900 169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
63,410.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
22219 189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
70,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
26930 76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
78,890.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
29196 86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
86,310.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Manganese unsur
41987 97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
94,000.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Iron unsur
47206 109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
104,900.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
kobalt unsur
52737 122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
111,711.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Nickel unsur
58570 134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
tembaga unsur
64702 148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
80400 171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
87000 179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
93400 184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
98420 198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
104400 195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
121900 121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
127700 127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
133800 133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
139800 139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
148100 148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
154500 154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
0.75 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day
Beryllium unsur
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
2.87 eV3.10 eV
sesium unsur
2.14 5.65
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
2064
lithium unsur
3 117
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 4s 2
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
2064
lithium unsur
3 117
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
2093
lithium unsur
4 184
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
2064
lithium unsur
3 117
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
197.00 pm180.00 pm
Beryllium unsur
112 265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
176.00 pm196.00 pm
Beryllium unsur
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
231.00 pm237.00 pm
seng unsur
139 348
6.6 Bobot atom
40.08 Amu47.87 Amu
lithium unsur
6.94 294
6.7 Volume atom
29.90 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol
Manganese unsur
1.39 71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
29.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)
Francium unsur
8 392.42
6.10 Constant pola
558.84 pm363.60 pm
Beryllium unsur
228.58 891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya1.59
Beryllium unsur
1.567 1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
1.55 g / cm 37.90 g / cm 3
lithium unsur
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
1.38 g / cm37.40 g / cm3
lithium unsur
0.512 20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Indium unsur
2.5 11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury unsur
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
25.50 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
cerium unsur
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya7.39 (Pa)
tungsten unsur
2.62E-10 774
7.5 situs kelenturan
7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
7.40 GPA21.80 GPA
kalium unsur
1.3 222
7.5.2 pengaturan akeh
17.00 GPA37.90 GPA
sesium unsur
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
20.00 GPA54.80 GPA
sesium unsur
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson rasio
0.310.26
Beryllium unsur
0.032 0.47
7.7 Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Ciri Magnetic
8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
4.587.90
lithium unsur
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
8.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth unsur
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth unsur
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Properties Listrik
8.2.1 Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
8.2.2 resistivity
33.60 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m
Thallium unsur
0.18 961
8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.30 10 6 / cm Ω0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
plutonium unsur
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 elektron Affinity
2.37 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol
Mercury unsur
0 222.8
9 termal
9.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.63 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)
americium unsur
0.11 3.6
9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.93 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K
Beryllium unsur
16.443 62.7
9.3 doyo termal
201.00 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K
neptunium unsur
6.3 429
9.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
ytterbium unsur
26.3 3223
9.5 Expansion termal
22.30 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)
tungsten unsur
4.5 97
9.6 enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
150.00 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol
seng unsur
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
8.54 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol
sesium unsur
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
184.00 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol
Mercury unsur
61.5 837
9.7 Standard molar Entropy
41.60 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K
Beryllium unsur
9.5 198.1