Gadolinium

kadmium

Gadolinium mungsuh kadmium

Gadolinium

kadmium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

012

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.5 Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74405427440439

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

2.1 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

Character length exceed error

3.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer

3.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1880

ing 1817

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

3.6.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000002 %~0.0000006 %

1E-08 0.1

3.6.4 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.6.6 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.7.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.8.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.3 Ulah Medical

4.1.5 Ulah liyane

wesi

5.2 Properties biologi

5.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Toxic

5.3.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

5.3.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.01 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

5.4.2 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya1.80 ppm

0 170000

6 fisik

6.1 leleh Point

1,311.00 ° C320.90 ° C

27 3410

6.2 Boiling Point

3,233.00 ° C765.00 ° C

147 5660

6.3 katon

6.3.1 State fisik

Solid

6.3.2 warna

perak Putih

Perak werna-Gray

6.3.3 luster

metallic

6.4 atose

6.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya2.00

0.2 8.5

6.5.2 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiya203.00 MPa

0.14 3490

6.6.3 Vickers atose

510.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

6.7 Kacepetan swara

2,680.00 m / s2,310.00 m / s

818 16200

6.8 Properties Optical

6.8.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

6.8.3 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya67.00 %

58 97

6.9 allotropes

Ora

6.9.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.9.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.9.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7 Kimia

7.1 Formula Kimia

7.2 isotop

7.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2634

0 38

7.3 keelektronegatifan

7.3.2 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.201.69

0.7 2.54

7.3.4 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.98

0.22 2.56

7.3.6 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.111.46

0.86 1.82

7.3.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.53

0.62 2.48

7.3.11 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.52

0.659 2.7

7.4 Electropositivity

7.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.802.31

1.46 3.3

7.5 tenogo ionisasi

7.5.1 Level Energy 1st

593.40 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

7.5.3 Level Energy 2

1,170.00 kJ / mol1,631.40 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

7.5.6 Level Energy 3rd

1,990.00 kJ / mol3,616.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

7.5.10 Level Energy 4

4,250.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

2780 37066

7.5.13 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

7.5.15 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

7.5.17 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

7.5.19 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

7.5.21 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

7.5.23 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

7.5.25 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

7.5.27 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

7.6.1 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

7.6.2 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

7.7.1 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

8.1.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

8.1.2 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

8.1.3 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

8.4.2 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

8.4.3 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

8.4.4 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

8.4.6 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

8.4.8 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

8.4.9 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

8.5.2 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

8.5.4 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

8.5.6 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

8.6.1 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

8.6.2 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

8.7.1 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

8.8 padha karo elektrokimia

1.96 g / amp-day2.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

8.11 Fungsi Work elektron

3.10 eV4.22 eV

2.14 5.65

8.13 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

9 atom

9.1 Panggil atom

6448

3 117

10.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ²

10.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

10.3.1 Crystal pola

10.4 atom

10.4.1 Jumlah proton

6448

3 117

10.4.3 Jumlah Neutron

9364

4 184

10.6.1 Jumlah Èlèktron

6448

3 117

10.8 Radius saka Atom

10.8.1 Radius atom

180.00 pm151.00 pm

112 265

10.8.3 kovalen Radius

196.00 pm144.00 pm

96 260

10.9.2 Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pm158.00 pm

139 348

10.10 Bobot atom

47.87 Amu112.41 Amu

6.94 294

10.11 Volume atom

19.90 cm3 / mol13.10 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

11.2 Nomer atom jejer

11.2.1 unsur Previous

11.2.2 Sabanjure unsur

11.3 Potensi Valence Electron

46.10 (-eV)30.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

11.4 Constant pola

363.60 pm297.94 pm

228.58 891.25

11.5 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

11.6 Pola C / A rasio

1.591.89

1.567 1.886

12 Teknik

12.1 Kapadhetan

12.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.90 g / cm ³8.65 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

12.1.3 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

7.40 g / cm38.00 g / cm3

0.512 20

12.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya62.00 MPa

2.5 11000

12.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

13.2 meksa beluk

13.2.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

13.3.1 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

7.39 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

13.5 situs kelenturan

13.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

21.80 GPA19.00 GPA

1.3 222

13.6.1 pengaturan akeh

37.90 GPA42.00 GPA

1.6 462

13.7.1 Young kang pengaturan

54.80 GPA50.00 GPA

1.7 528

13.9 Poisson rasio

0.260.30

0.032 0.47

13.10 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

14 Magnetic

14.1 Ciri Magnetic

14.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.908.65

0.53 4500

14.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

Ferromagnetic

diamagnetic

14.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

14.2.1 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

14.3 Properties Listrik

14.3.1 Property Listrik

Arman

Semiconductor

14.3.2 resistivity

1.31 nΩ · m72.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

14.3.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

14.3.4 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

15 termal

15.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

15.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

37.03 J / mol · K26.02 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

15.3 doyo termal

10.60 W / m · K96.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

15.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

15.5 Expansion termal

9.40 μm / (m · K)30.80 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

15.6 enthalpy

15.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

359.40 kJ / mol100.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

15.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

10.05 kJ / mol6.19 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

15.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

352.00 kJ / mol113.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

15.7 Standard molar Entropy

68.10 J / mol.K51.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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