1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.6 Panggil periode
1.9 Block
1.10 Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
1.11 CAS Number
74405427440622
7429905
54386242
1.12 Jeneng papan Group
1.13 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Vanadium logam reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.
- Vanadium bisa ditemokake ing meh 65 macem-macem jinis mineral.
2.2 sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Andrés Manuel del Río
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1880
ing taun 1801
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %1 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
2.5.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %~0.00004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.3.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
2.6.3 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
2.9.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
2.11.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
1E-13
1.4
4 ulah
4.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
- Sawijining kumpulan karo baja digunakake banget angel lan Empu kang digunakake ing piring waja, As, kesatuan piston, pribadi lan crankshafts.
- oxide sawijining digunakake minangka pigmen kanggo kaca lan keramik.
4.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia
4.1.2 Ulah Medical
4.1.3 Ulah liyane
4.2 Properties biologi
4.2.1 keracunan
4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
4.2.3 Sang
ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
4.3.3 ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya0.00 ppm
0
170000
2 fisik
2.1 leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C1,890.00 ° C
27
3410
3.5 Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C3,380.00 ° C
147
5660
3.11 katon
3.11.1 State fisik
3.11.2 warna
perak Putih
Blue-Silver Grey
3.11.3 luster
3.12 atose
3.12.1 Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya6.70
0.2
8.5
4.2.6 Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya600.00 MPa
0.14
3490
6.1.1 Vickers atose
510.00 MPa628.00 MPa
121
3430
6.3 Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s4,560.00 m / s
818
16200
6.7 Properties Optical
6.7.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
1.1.3 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya61.00 %
58
97
1.3 allotropes
1.3.2 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
1.3.3 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
1.3.4 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
2 Kimia
2.1 Formula Kimia
2.2 isotop
2.2.1 Isotop dikenal
2.6 keelektronegatifan
2.6.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
4.4.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.39
0.22
2.56
6.1.1 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
6.1.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
6.3.3 Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.53
0.659
2.7
6.9 Electropositivity
6.9.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.11 tenogo ionisasi
6.11.1 Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol650.90 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
6.14.2 Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol1,414.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
7.2.2 Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol2,830.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
7.3.4 Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol4,507.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
8.1.2 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya6,298.70 kJ / mol
4305.2
97510
8.1.9 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya12,363.00 kJ / mol
5715.8
105800
8.1.14 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya14,530.00 kJ / mol
7226.8
114300
8.2.5 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya16,730.00 kJ / mol
8857.4
125300
8.3.5 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya19,860.00 kJ / mol
14110
134700
8.4.5 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya22,240.00 kJ / mol
17100
144300
9.1.1 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya24,670.00 kJ / mol
19900
169988
9.3.1 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya29,730.00 kJ / mol
22219
189368
9.4.2 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya32,446.00 kJ / mol
26930
76015
9.5.1 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya86,450.00 kJ / mol
29196
86450
9.6.2 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya94,170.00 kJ / mol
41987
97510
10.1.1 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya102,300.00 kJ / mol
47206
109480
10.2.3 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya112,700.00 kJ / mol
52737
122200
10.2.6 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya121,600.00 kJ / mol
58570
134810
10.5.2 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya130,700.00 kJ / mol
64702
148700
10.6.1 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya143,400.00 kJ / mol
80400
171200
10.6.3 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya151,440.00 kJ / mol
87000
179100
10.6.7 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
10.6.8 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
10.6.11 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
10.6.14 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
10.6.17 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
10.7.2 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
10.7.6 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
10.7.10 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
10.7.16 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
10.8 padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day0.38 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
10.10 Fungsi Work elektron
10.12 Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
11 atom
11.1 Panggil atom
11.3 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Ar] 3d 3 4s 2
11.4 Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
11.4.1 Crystal pola
11.5 atom
11.5.1 Jumlah proton
11.9.1 Jumlah Neutron
12.3.2 Jumlah Èlèktron
13.5 Radius saka Atom
13.5.1 Radius atom
180.00 pm134.00 pm
112
265
13.6.4 kovalen Radius
196.00 pm153.00 pm
96
260
14.2.1 Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
14.6 Bobot atom
47.87 Amu50.94 Amu
6.94
294
14.11 Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol8.78 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
14.14 Nomer atom jejer
14.14.1 unsur Previous
14.14.2 Sabanjure unsur
14.15 Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)120.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.19 Constant pola
363.60 pm303.00 pm
228.58
891.25
15.2 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
15.3 Pola C / A rasio
1.59ora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
16 Teknik
16.1 Kapadhetan
16.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 36.00 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
16.2.1 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm35.50 g / cm3
0.512
20
16.7 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya800.00 MPa
2.5
11000
16.9 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
16.13 meksa beluk
16.13.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
17.2.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)0.23 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
17.5 situs kelenturan
17.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA47.00 GPA
1.3
222
18.3.3 pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA160.00 GPA
1.6
462
19.2.2 Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA128.00 GPA
1.7
528
19.5 Poisson rasio
19.7 Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
20 Magnetic
20.1 Ciri Magnetic
20.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
21.1.1 Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
paramagnetic
21.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
21.2.2 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
21.4 Properties Listrik
21.4.1 Property Listrik
21.4.3 resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m197.00 nΩ · m
0.18
961
21.5.2 konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
1.5.1 elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol50.60 kJ / mol
0
222.8
3 termal
3.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)0.49 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
3.7 Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K24.89 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
3.12 doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K30.70 W / m · K
6.3
429
2.7 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
2.8 Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)8.40 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
2.2 enthalpy
2.2.1 Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol458.60 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
2.6.1 Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol17.57 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
2.9.2 Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol514.60 kJ / mol
61.5
837
3.3 Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K28.90 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1