kadmium

rubidium

kadmium mungsuh rubidium

kadmium

rubidium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

121

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

s pemblokiran

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

alkali

1.6 CAS Number

74404397440177

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

3M Im_

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00229.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Character length exceed error

Rubidium logam unsur 16 paling umum ditemokake ing lemah ndhuwur bumi.
metal Rubidium uga ditemokake ing mineral uga banyu segara.

2.2 sumber

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

Dijupuk saka Produksi Lithium.

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer

Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1817

ing 1861

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %1 * 10^-6 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000006 %~0.000003 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.9 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.01 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.12 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.15 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.

aplikasi utama Rubidium iku ing Manufaktur kaca.
Rubidium bisa banget gampang njaluk ionized lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo mesin ion, nanging isih kurang efisien tinimbang sing saka Caesium.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

wesi, tujuan Research

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Toxic

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

3.2.3 Sang

0.01 Sang / mg dm-32.49 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.6 ing Bone

1.80 ppm5.00 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

320.90 ° C38.89 ° C

27 3410

4.3 Boiling Point

765.00 ° C688.00 ° C

147 5660

4.5 katon

4.5.1 State fisik

Solid

4.5.2 warna

Perak werna-Gray

klawu putih

4.5.3 luster

metallic

4.6 atose

4.6.1 Mohs atose

2.000.30

0.2 8.5

5.4.2 Brinell atose

203.00 MPa0.22 MPa

0.14 3490

5.4.4 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

5.5 Kacepetan swara

2,310.00 m / s1,300.00 m / s

818 16200

5.7 Properties Optical

5.7.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.7.3 reflectivity

67.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

5.9 allotropes

Ora

5.9.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.9.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5.9.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6 Kimia

6.1 Formula Kimia

6.2 isotop

6.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3429

0 38

6.6 keelektronegatifan

6.6.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.690.82

0.7 2.54

6.7.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.980.31

0.22 2.56

6.9.1 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.460.89

0.86 1.82

7.1.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.530.69

0.62 2.48

7.2.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.520.71

0.659 2.7

7.5 Electropositivity

7.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.313.18

1.46 3.3

7.6 tenogo ionisasi

7.6.1 Level Energy 1st

867.80 kJ / mol403.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

7.7.2 Level Energy 2

1,631.40 kJ / mol2,633.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

7.7.4 Level Energy 3rd

3,616.00 kJ / mol3,860.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

7.7.6 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya5,080.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

7.8.1 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya6,850.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

7.8.2 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya8,140.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

7.8.3 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya9,570.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

7.8.4 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya13,120.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

7.8.5 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya14,500.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

7.8.6 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya26,740.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

8.1.2 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

8.1.6 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

8.2.3 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

8.2.5 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

8.2.7 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

9.1.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

9.2.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

9.3.1 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

9.4.1 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

9.5.1 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

9.6.2 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

9.6.4 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

9.6.5 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

9.6.7 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

9.7.1 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

9.7.2 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

9.7.3 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

9.7.4 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

9.7.5 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

9.7.6 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

9.8 padha karo elektrokimia

2.10 g / amp-day3.19 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

9.9 Fungsi Work elektron

4.22 eV2.16 eV

2.14 5.65

9.10 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

10 atom

10.1 Panggil atom

4837

3 117

10.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ²

[Kr] 5S ¹

10.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Body tengah kubik (Bcc)

10.3.1 Crystal pola

10.4 atom

10.4.1 Jumlah proton

4837

3 117

10.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

6448

4 184

10.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

4837

3 117

10.5 Radius saka Atom

10.5.1 Radius atom

151.00 pm248.00 pm

112 265

10.5.2 kovalen Radius

144.00 pm220.00 pm

96 260

10.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

158.00 pm303.00 pm

139 348

10.6 Bobot atom

112.41 Amu85.47 Amu

6.94 294

10.7 Volume atom

13.10 cm3 / mol55.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

10.8 Nomer atom jejer

10.8.1 unsur Previous

10.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

10.9 Potensi Valence Electron

30.00 (-eV)9.47 (-eV)

8 392.42

10.10 Constant pola

297.94 pm558.50 pm

228.58 891.25

10.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

10.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.89ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

11 Teknik

11.1 Kapadhetan

11.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

8.65 g / cm ³1.53 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

11.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.00 g / cm31.46 g / cm3

0.512 20

11.2 Strength tensile

62.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

11.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

11.4 meksa beluk

11.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

11.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

11.5 situs kelenturan

11.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

19.00 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.3 222

11.5.2 pengaturan akeh

42.00 GPA2.50 GPA

1.6 462

11.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

50.00 GPA2.40 GPA

1.7 528

11.6 Poisson rasio

0.30ora Sumadhiya

0.032 0.47

11.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

ductile

12 Magnetic

12.1 Ciri Magnetic

12.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

8.651.53

0.53 4500

12.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

12.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

12.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

12.2 Properties Listrik

12.2.1 Property Listrik

Semiconductor

Arman

12.2.2 resistivity

72.70 nΩ · m128.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

12.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.08 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

12.2.4 elektron Affinity

0.00 kJ / mol46.90 kJ / mol

0 222.8

13 termal

13.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)0.36 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

13.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.02 J / mol · K31.06 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

13.3 doyo termal

96.60 W / m · K58.20 W / m · K

6.3 429

13.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiya2,093.00 K

26.3 3223

13.5 Expansion termal

30.80 μm / (m · K)90.00 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

13.6 enthalpy

13.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

100.00 kJ / mol69.20 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

13.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

6.19 kJ / mol2.19 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

13.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

113.00 kJ / mol82.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

13.7 Standard molar Entropy

51.80 J / mol.K76.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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