Erbium

Gadolinium

mbandhingaké Erbium lan Gadolinium

Erbium

Gadolinium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya0

0 17

1.4 Panggil periode

2 7

1.5 Block

pemblokiran f

1.6 Family unsur

lanthanide

1.7 CAS Number

74405207440542

7429905 54386242

1.10 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.11 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

Erbium logam digunakake minangka alloyed karo Vanadium wis alus.

Panaliten anyar nuduhake yen iku mbiyantu kanggo metabolisme.

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

3.2 sumber

Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Carl Gustaf Mosander

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

3.3.2 Discovery

Wonten ing taun 1842

ing taun 1880

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

3.5.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000001 %~0.0000002 %

1E-08 0.1

3.6.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.8.1 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.9.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.9.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Wis cenderung kanggo njaluk tarnished ing online mbukak, nanging nalika alloyed karo unsur kaya erbium, vanadium, tingkat atose sudo.
senyawa kaya Erbium oxide digunakake ing kaca tingal safety saka welders lan buruh metal.

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

4.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

4.2 Properties biologi

4.2.1 keracunan

mildly Toxic

non Toxic

4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

4.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 1970

5.1.2 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 170000

6 fisik

6.1 leleh Point

1,522.00 ° C1,311.00 ° C

27 3410

6.3 Boiling Point

2,510.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C

147 5660

6.6 katon

6.6.1 State fisik

Solid

6.6.2 warna

perak Putih

6.6.4 luster

lustrous

metallic

6.7 atose

6.7.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

6.8.2 Brinell atose

814.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

0.14 3490

6.9.3 Vickers atose

589.00 MPa510.00 MPa

121 3430

6.10 Kacepetan swara

2,830.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s

818 16200

6.12 Properties Optical

6.12.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

6.12.3 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

6.13 allotropes

Ora

6.13.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.13.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.13.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7 Kimia

7.1 Formula Kimia

7.2 isotop

7.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3126

0 38

8.2 keelektronegatifan

8.2.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.241.20

0.7 2.54

8.2.6 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

8.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.111.11

0.86 1.82

8.3.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

8.3.9 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

9.2 Electropositivity

9.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.762.80

1.46 3.3

9.3 tenogo ionisasi

9.3.1 Level Energy 1st

589.30 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

9.4.2 Level Energy 2

1,150.00 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

9.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,194.00 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

9.6.3 Level Energy 4

4,120.00 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

9.8.2 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

9.8.5 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

9.8.8 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

9.9.2 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

9.11.1 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

10.1.1 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

10.4.2 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

10.4.5 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

10.5.4 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

10.7.1 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

10.12.1 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

11.1.3 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

11.3.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

11.4.3 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

11.5.3 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

11.5.5 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

11.6.1 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

12.1.2 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

12.1.5 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

12.1.7 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

12.2.3 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

12.2.4 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

12.2.6 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

12.2.8 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

12.2.9 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

13.1.1 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

13.3 padha karo elektrokimia

2.08 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

13.6 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya3.10 eV

2.14 5.65

13.8 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

14 atom

14.1 Panggil atom

6864

3 117

14.3 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹² 6s ²

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

14.4 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

14.4.1 Crystal pola

14.5 atom

14.5.1 Jumlah proton

6864

3 117

14.5.3 Jumlah Neutron

9993

4 184

14.6.1 Jumlah Èlèktron

6864

3 117

14.7 Radius saka Atom

14.7.1 Radius atom

176.00 pm180.00 pm

112 265

14.7.2 kovalen Radius

189.00 pm196.00 pm

96 260

14.7.3 Van der Waals Radius

ora Sumadhiya237.00 pm

139 348

14.8 Bobot atom

167.26 Amu47.87 Amu

6.94 294

14.9 Volume atom

18.40 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

14.10 Nomer atom jejer

14.10.1 unsur Previous

14.10.2 Sabanjure unsur

14.11 Potensi Valence Electron

49.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)

8 392.42

14.12 Constant pola

355.88 pm363.60 pm

228.58 891.25

14.13 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

14.14 Pola C / A rasio

1.571.59

1.567 1.886

15 Teknik

15.1 Kapadhetan

15.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

9.07 g / cm ³7.90 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

15.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.86 g / cm37.40 g / cm3

0.512 20

15.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

15.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

15.4 meksa beluk

15.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

15.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya7.39 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

15.5 situs kelenturan

15.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

28.30 GPA21.80 GPA

1.3 222

15.5.2 pengaturan akeh

44.40 GPA37.90 GPA

1.6 462

15.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

69.90 GPA54.80 GPA

1.7 528

15.6 Poisson rasio

0.240.26

0.032 0.47

15.7 Properties Teknik liyane

malleable

ductile, malleable

16 Magnetic

16.1 Ciri Magnetic

16.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

9.077.90

0.53 4500

16.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

Ferromagnetic

16.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

16.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

16.2 Properties Listrik

16.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

16.2.2 resistivity

0.86 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m

0.18 961

16.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

16.2.4 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

17 termal

17.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.17 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

17.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

28.12 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

17.3 doyo termal

14.50 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

17.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

17.5 Expansion termal

12.20 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

17.6 enthalpy

17.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

261.00 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

17.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

17.20 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

17.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

314.00 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

17.7 Standard molar Entropy

73.10 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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