mbandhingaké Gold lan thulium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Au
Tm
Panggil Group
11
7
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
d block
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
transisi Metal
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440575
31
7440304
99+
Jeneng papan Group
Fm_ 3M
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Mining, Ores logam
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Unknown
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
Sadurunge 6000 SM
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
6 * 10-8 %
26
1 * 10-8 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.00000002 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
21
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
18
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Gold utamané dipigunakaké kanggo Jewelry, bullion, koin, etc.
- Kang digunakake ing seni, hiasan, ornamen, etc. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké kanggo proses listrik.
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia, Industry Clothing, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
NA
Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, bullion, koin, Jewellery, patung, Statues
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Unknown
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
35
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.02 ppm
30
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,064.43 ° C
99+
1,545.00 ° C
23
Boiling Point
2,807.00 ° C
36
1,730.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gold
perak Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
2.50
14
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
194.00 MPa
99+
471.00 MPa
25
Vickers atose
216.00 MPa
31
520.00 MPa
21
Kacepetan swara
2,030.00 m / s
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
reflectivity
95.00 %
2
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Au
Tm
isotop
Isotop dikenal
36
3
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
2.54
1
1.25
35
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.42
18
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.87
7
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.92
5
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.46
99+
2.75
19
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
890.10 kJ / mol
8
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,980.00 kJ / mol
12
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
ora Sumadhiya
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
padha karo elektrokimia
2.45 g / amp-day
21
2.10 g / amp-day
26
Fungsi Work elektron
5.10 eV
4
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
79
37
69
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 1
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
79
37
69
99+
Jumlah Neutron
118
23
100
32
Jumlah Èlèktron
79
37
69
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
151.00 pm
32
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
144.00 pm
40
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm
39
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
196.97 Amu
33
168.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
10.20 cm3 / mol
99+
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
43.40 (-eV)
99+
49.70 (-eV)
28
Constant pola
407.82 pm
21
353.75 pm
40
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.61
4
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
19.30 g / cm 3
15
9.32 g / cm 3
40
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
17.31 g / cm3
6
8.56 g / cm3
24
Strength tensile
120.00 MPa
15
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
23
0.06 (Pa)
10
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)
4
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
27.00 GPA
27
30.50 GPA
22
pengaturan akeh
180.00 GPA
9
44.50 GPA
26
Young kang pengaturan
79.00 GPA
24
74.00 GPA
27
Poisson rasio
0.40
4
0.21
31
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
19.32
8
9.32
31
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
2.20 nΩ · m
99+
676.00 nΩ · m
5
konduktivitas listrik
0.45 10 6 / cm Ω
3
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
222.80 kJ / mol
1
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.42 J / mol · K
40
27.03 J / mol · K
22
doyo termal
318.00 W / m · K
3
16.90 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
14.20 μm / (m · K)
26
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
324.40 kJ / mol
27
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
12.55 kJ / mol
27
16.80 kJ / mol
17
Enthalpy saka atomization
364.00 kJ / mol
25
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
47.40 J / mol.K
32
74.00 J / mol.K
9
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