1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
1.5 Family unsur
1.6 CAS Number
74407467440326
7429905
54386242
1.3 Jeneng papan Group
1.4 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Luster saka Indium iku padhang ing alam.
- Reich lan sugih padha looking for thallium ing logam seng lan lajeng manggihaken Indium logam.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
2.2 sumber
Mining, Ores logam
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-8 %3 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
2.9.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000004 %~0.0004 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
3.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
3.4.7 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
3.4.9 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
5 ulah
5.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Kang digunakake kanggo gawé indium timah oxide (Ito), kang digunakake ing Manufaktur layar tutul, warata layar TV lan solar.
- nitride sawijining, phosphide lan antimonide digunakake ing transistor lan microchips.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
5.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
5.1.2 Ulah Medical
Medical Research
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
5.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
5.2 Properties biologi
5.2.1 keracunan
5.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
5.2.3 Sang
ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
5.2.5 ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya0.02 ppm
0
170000
7 fisik
7.1 leleh Point
156.61 ° C1,750.00 ° C
27
3410
7.3 Boiling Point
2,000.00 ° C4,790.00 ° C
147
5660
7.6 katon
7.6.1 State fisik
7.6.2 warna
7.6.3 luster
7.7 atose
7.7.1 Mohs atose
7.7.3 Brinell atose
8.80 MPa390.00 MPa
0.14
3490
7.7.5 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya295.00 MPa
121
3430
7.9 Kacepetan swara
1,215.00 m / s2,490.00 m / s
818
16200
7.11 Properties Optical
7.11.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
8.2.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
8.3 allotropes
8.3.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
8.3.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
8.3.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
9 Kimia
9.1 Formula Kimia
9.2 isotop
9.2.1 Isotop dikenal
9.4 keelektronegatifan
9.4.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
9.4.3 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.14ora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
9.4.5 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
9.4.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.76ora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
9.6.2 Allen Elektronegativitas
1.66ora Sumadhiya
0.659
2.7
9.7 Electropositivity
9.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.8 tenogo ionisasi
9.8.1 Level Energy 1st
558.30 kJ / mol587.00 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
9.8.2 Level Energy 2
1,820.70 kJ / mol1,110.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
9.8.5 Level Energy 3rd
2,704.00 kJ / mol1,978.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
9.8.7 Level Energy 4
5,210.00 kJ / mol2,780.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
9.8.9 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
4305.2
97510
9.8.11 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
9.8.13 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
9.8.15 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
9.8.17 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
9.8.19 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
9.8.22 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
9.8.24 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
9.8.27 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
9.8.29 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
9.8.32 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
9.8.34 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
9.8.37 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
9.8.39 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
9.8.42 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
9.8.44 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
9.8.46 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
9.8.48 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
9.9.1 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
9.10.1 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
10.1.1 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
10.1.2 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
10.4.2 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
10.4.3 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
10.4.5 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
10.4.7 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
10.5 padha karo elektrokimia
1.43 g / amp-day2.16 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
10.7 Fungsi Work elektron
10.8 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
11 atom
11.1 Panggil atom
11.4 Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2 5p 1
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
11.5 Struktur Crystal
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
11.5.1 Crystal pola
11.6 atom
11.6.1 Jumlah proton
11.8.1 Jumlah Neutron
11.9.1 Jumlah Èlèktron
12.2 Radius saka Atom
12.2.1 Radius atom
167.00 pm179.80 pm
112
265
12.2.2 kovalen Radius
142.00 pm206.00 pm
96
260
12.2.4 Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm237.00 pm
139
348
12.4 Bobot atom
114.82 Amu232.04 Amu
6.94
294
12.7 Volume atom
15.70 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
12.9 Nomer atom jejer
12.9.1 unsur Previous
12.9.2 Sabanjure unsur
12.10 Potensi Valence Electron
54.00 (-eV)59.30 (-eV)
8
392.42
12.11 Constant pola
325.23 pm508.42 pm
228.58
891.25
12.12 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
12.13 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
13 Teknik
13.1 Kapadhetan
13.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.31 g / cm 311.72 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
14.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.02 g / cm3ora Sumadhiya
0.512
20
14.2 Strength tensile
2.50 MPaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
14.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
14.5 meksa beluk
14.5.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
14.5.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
14.6 situs kelenturan
14.6.1 nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya31.00 GPA
1.3
222
15.1.1 pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya54.00 GPA
1.6
462
15.3.1 Young kang pengaturan
11.00 GPA79.00 GPA
1.7
528
15.5 Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya0.27
0.032
0.47
15.7 Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile
16 Magnetic
16.1 Ciri Magnetic
16.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
16.2.2 Nindakake Magnetic
16.2.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
16.2.5 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
16.3 Properties Listrik
16.3.2 Property Listrik
16.3.3 resistivity
83.70 nΩ · m157.00 nΩ · m
0.18
961
16.4.1 konduktivitas listrik
0.12 10 6 / cm Ω0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.4.2 elektron Affinity
28.90 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
0
222.8
17 termal
17.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)0.12 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
17.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.74 J / mol · K26.23 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
17.3 doyo termal
81.80 W / m · K54.00 W / m · K
6.3
429
17.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
17.5 Expansion termal
32.10 μm / (m · K)11.00 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
17.6 enthalpy
17.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
226.40 kJ / mol429.00 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
17.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
3.28 kJ / mol15.48 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
17.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
242.70 kJ / mol468.60 kJ / mol
61.5
837
17.7 Standard molar Entropy
57.80 J / mol.K27.30 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1