plutonium

Gadolinium

mbandhingaké plutonium lan Gadolinium

plutonium

Gadolinium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

actinide

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74400757440542

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P121 / m1

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

11.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Plutonium metal yen oleh ores saka logam uranium.
Plutonium metal banget sensitif kanggo owah-owahan ing kondisi atmosfer kaya suhu lan tekanan.

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

2.2 sumber

Mining, Ores logam

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

2.3.2 Discovery

Ing Antarane 1940 1941

ing taun 1880

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

ora Sumadhiya2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.0000002 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Plutonium iki digunakake ing bom atom lan isih digunakake ing macem-macem senjata lan industri amunisi.
Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing tanduran daya nuklir minangka sumber energi kanggo papan misi.

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Toxic

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

639.50 ° C1,311.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

3,235.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya510.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

2,260.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2026

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.281.20

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.221.11

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.722.80

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

584.70 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,128.00 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,084.00 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

3,338.00 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

2.28 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya3.10 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

9464

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Rn] 5F ⁶ 7s ²

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Pénguapan (Mon)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

9464

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

15093

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

9464

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

159.00 pm180.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

187.00 pm196.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm237.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

244.00 Amu47.87 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

12.32 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

64.90 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

618.30 pm363.60 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.59

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

19.82 g / cm ³7.90 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

16.63 g / cm37.40 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

2.20 (Pa)7.39 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

43.00 GPA21.80 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

ora Sumadhiya37.90 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

96.00 GPA54.80 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.210.26

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

19.847.90

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

Ferromagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman miskin

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

1.46 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

ora Sumadhiya50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.13 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

35.50 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

6.74 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

46.70 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

344.00 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

2.82 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

360.00 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

ora Sumadhiya68.10 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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