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thorium
thorium

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mbandhingaké thorium lan Gold

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1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
Th
Au
1.2 Panggil Group
011
Gadolinium unsur
0 17
1.3 Panggil periode
76
lithium unsur
2 7
1.4 Block
pemblokiran f
d block
1.5 Family unsur
actinide
transisi Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74403267440575
Aluminium unsur
7429905 54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3M
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
plutonium unsur
11 229
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
  • Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
Character length exceed error
2.2 sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Mining, Ores logam
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Unknown
2.3.2 Discovery
ing 1829
Sadurunge 6000 SM
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-4 %6 * 10-8 %
Thallium unsur
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0004 %~0.0000001 %
Beryllium unsur
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.05 %0.00 %
Palladium
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.66 %0.00 %
Radium unsur
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %0.00 %
Protaktinium unsur
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
Radium unsur
1E-13 1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
  • senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
  • metal Gold utamané dipigunakaké kanggo Jewelry, bullion, koin, etc.
  • Kang digunakake ing seni, hiasan, ornamen, etc. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké kanggo proses listrik.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Clothing, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
wesi, bullion, koin, Jewellery, patung, Statues
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
non Toxic
non Toxic
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
3.2.3 Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.00 Sang / mg dm-3
plutonium unsur
0 1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
0.02 ppm0.02 ppm
plutonium unsur
0 170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
1,750.00 ° C1,064.43 ° C
Francium unsur
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
4,790.00 ° C2,807.00 ° C
Flerovium unsur
147 5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 warna
Silver
Gold
4.3.3 luster
NA
metallic
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
3.002.50
sesium unsur
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
390.00 MPa194.00 MPa
sesium unsur
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
295.00 MPa216.00 MPa
Palladium unsur
121 3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
2,490.00 m / s2,030.00 m / s
Thallium unsur
818 16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury unsur
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya95.00 %
molybdenum unsur
58 97
4.7 allotropes
Ora
Ora
4.7.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
Th
Au
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
2836
Tennessine unsur
0 38
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.302.54
Francium unsur
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
sesium unsur
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.111.42
sesium unsur
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.87
sesium unsur
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.92
sesium unsur
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.701.46
Palladium
1.46 3.3
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
587.00 kJ / mol890.10 kJ / mol
sesium unsur
375.7 26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,110.00 kJ / mol1,980.00 kJ / mol
uranium unsur
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
1,978.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
osmium unsur
1600 34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
2,780.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Tin
2780 37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
dubnium unsur
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Seaborgium unsur
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bohrium unsur
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
hassium unsur
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Yttrium unsur
14110 134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
strontium unsur
17100 144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Yttrium unsur
19900 169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
22219 189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
26930 76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
29196 86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Manganese unsur
41987 97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Iron unsur
47206 109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
kobalt unsur
52737 122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Nickel unsur
58570 134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
tembaga unsur
64702 148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
80400 171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
87000 179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
93400 184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
98420 198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
104400 195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
121900 121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
127700 127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
133800 133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
139800 139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
148100 148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum unsur
154500 154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
2.16 g / amp-day2.45 g / amp-day
Beryllium unsur
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
3.41 eV5.10 eV
sesium unsur
2.14 5.65
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, kelarutan
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
9079
lithium unsur
3 117
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 1
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
9079
lithium unsur
3 117
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
142118
lithium unsur
4 184
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
9079
lithium unsur
3 117
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
179.80 pm151.00 pm
Beryllium unsur
112 265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
206.00 pm144.00 pm
Beryllium unsur
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm166.00 pm
seng unsur
139 348
6.6 Bobot atom
232.04 Amu196.97 Amu
lithium unsur
6.94 294
6.7 Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol10.20 cm3 / mol
Manganese unsur
1.39 71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
59.30 (-eV)43.40 (-eV)
Francium unsur
8 392.42
6.10 Constant pola
508.42 pm407.82 pm
Beryllium unsur
228.58 891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya1.61
Beryllium unsur
1.567 1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
11.72 g / cm 319.30 g / cm 3
lithium unsur
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
ora Sumadhiya17.31 g / cm3
lithium unsur
0.512 20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya120.00 MPa
Indium unsur
2.5 11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury unsur
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)
cerium unsur
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)67.00 (Pa)
tungsten unsur
2.62E-10 774
7.5 situs kelenturan
7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
31.00 GPA27.00 GPA
kalium unsur
1.3 222
7.5.2 pengaturan akeh
54.00 GPA180.00 GPA
sesium unsur
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
79.00 GPA79.00 GPA
sesium unsur
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson rasio
0.270.40
Beryllium unsur
0.032 0.47
7.7 Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile, malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Ciri Magnetic
8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
11.7019.32
lithium unsur
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
8.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth unsur
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth unsur
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Properties Listrik
8.2.1 Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman
8.2.2 resistivity
157.00 nΩ · m2.20 nΩ · m
Thallium unsur
0.18 961
8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω0.45 10 6 / cm Ω
plutonium unsur
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 elektron Affinity
ora Sumadhiya222.80 kJ / mol
Mercury unsur
0 222.8
9 termal
9.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)0.13 J / (kg K)
americium unsur
0.11 3.6
9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.23 J / mol · K25.42 J / mol · K
Beryllium unsur
16.443 62.7
9.3 doyo termal
54.00 W / m · K318.00 W / m · K
neptunium unsur
6.3 429
9.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
ytterbium unsur
26.3 3223
9.5 Expansion termal
11.00 μm / (m · K)14.20 μm / (m · K)
tungsten unsur
4.5 97
9.6 enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
429.00 kJ / mol324.40 kJ / mol
seng unsur
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.48 kJ / mol12.55 kJ / mol
sesium unsur
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
468.60 kJ / mol364.00 kJ / mol
Mercury unsur
61.5 837
9.7 Standard molar Entropy
27.30 J / mol.K47.40 J / mol.K
Beryllium unsur
9.5 198.1