thorium

molybdenum

mbandhingaké thorium lan molybdenum

thorium

molybdenum

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.4 Panggil periode

2 7

1.7 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.8 Family unsur

actinide

transisi Metal

1.9 CAS Number

74403267439987

7429905 54386242

1.10 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

3M Im_

1.11 Space Group Number

194.00229.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.

Molybdenum iku metal reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
Nganti unsur Molybdenum abad 18 padha asring mistaken minangka karbon utawa Lead.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Jöns Jakob Berzelius

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1829

ing 1778

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10^-4 %5 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0004 %~0.0000009 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.05 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.5.1 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.66 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.1.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.1.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.

wesi digunakake kanggo nggawe bagean engine, penggerek, saw blade, etc.

Ndhuk aditif arupi Molybdenum disulfide bisa digunaake ing industri. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké minangka katalis.

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

4.2.2 Ulah liyane

wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues

wesi

4.3 Properties biologi

4.3.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Toxic

4.3.2 Saiki ing badan Human

4.3.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.00 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

4.3.4 ing Bone

0.02 ppm0.70 ppm

0 170000

5 fisik

5.1 leleh Point

1,750.00 ° C2,617.00 ° C

27 3410

5.2 Boiling Point

4,790.00 ° C4,612.00 ° C

147 5660

6.2 katon

6.2.1 State fisik

Solid

6.2.2 warna

Silver

Gray

6.2.3 luster

metallic

6.3 atose

6.3.1 Mohs atose

3.005.50

0.2 8.5

6.5.1 Brinell atose

390.00 MPa1,370.00 MPa

0.14 3490

6.6.1 Vickers atose

295.00 MPa1,400.00 MPa

121 3430

6.8 Kacepetan swara

2,490.00 m / s5,400.00 m / s

818 16200

6.10 Properties Optical

6.10.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

6.10.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya58.00 %

58 97

6.11 allotropes

Ora

6.11.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.11.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6.11.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7 Kimia

7.1 Formula Kimia

7.2 isotop

7.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2825

0 38

7.3 keelektronegatifan

7.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.302.16

0.7 2.54

7.4.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.15

0.22 2.56

7.4.2 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.111.30

0.86 1.82

7.4.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

7.4.4 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya2.16

0.659 2.7

7.5 Electropositivity

7.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.701.84

1.46 3.3

7.6 tenogo ionisasi

7.6.1 Level Energy 1st

587.00 kJ / mol684.30 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

7.6.2 Level Energy 2

1,110.00 kJ / mol1,560.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

7.6.3 Level Energy 3rd

1,978.00 kJ / mol2,618.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

7.6.4 Level Energy 4

2,780.00 kJ / mol4,480.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

7.6.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya5,257.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

7.6.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya6,640.80 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

7.6.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya12,125.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

7.6.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya13,860.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

7.6.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya15,835.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

7.6.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya17,980.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

7.6.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya20,190.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

7.6.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya22,219.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

7.6.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiya26,930.00 kJ / mol

26930 76015

7.6.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiya29,196.00 kJ / mol

29196 86450

7.6.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiya52,490.00 kJ / mol

41987 97510

7.6.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiya55,000.00 kJ / mol

47206 109480

7.6.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiya61,400.00 kJ / mol

52737 122200

7.6.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiya67,700.00 kJ / mol

58570 134810

7.6.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiya74,000.00 kJ / mol

64702 148700

7.6.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiya80,400.00 kJ / mol

80400 171200

7.6.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiya87,000.00 kJ / mol

87000 179100

7.6.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiya93,400.00 kJ / mol

93400 184900

7.6.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya98,420.00 kJ / mol

98420 198800

7.6.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiya104,400.00 kJ / mol

104400 195200

7.6.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiya121,900.00 kJ / mol

121900 121900

7.6.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiya127,700.00 kJ / mol

127700 127700

7.6.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiya133,800.00 kJ / mol

133800 133800

7.6.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiya139,800.00 kJ / mol

139800 139800

7.6.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiya148,100.00 kJ / mol

148100 148100

7.6.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiya154,500.00 kJ / mol

154500 154500

7.7 padha karo elektrokimia

2.16 g / amp-day0.89 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

7.8 Fungsi Work elektron

3.41 eV4.60 eV

2.14 5.65

7.9 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

8 atom

8.1 Panggil atom

9042

3 117

8.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Rn] 6D ² 7s ²

[Kr] 4d ⁵ 5S ¹

8.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

Body tengah kubik (Bcc)

8.3.1 Crystal pola

8.4 atom

8.4.1 Jumlah proton

9042

3 117

8.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

14254

4 184

8.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

9042

3 117

8.5 Radius saka Atom

8.5.1 Radius atom

179.80 pm139.00 pm

112 265

8.5.2 kovalen Radius

206.00 pm154.00 pm

96 260

8.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

8.6 Bobot atom

232.04 Amu95.95 Amu

6.94 294

8.7 Volume atom

19.90 cm3 / mol9.40 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

8.8 Nomer atom jejer

8.8.1 unsur Previous

8.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

8.9 Potensi Valence Electron

59.30 (-eV)88.60 (-eV)

8 392.42

8.10 Constant pola

508.42 pm314.70 pm

228.58 891.25

8.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

8.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

9 Teknik

9.1 Kapadhetan

9.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

11.72 g / cm ³10.28 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

9.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

ora Sumadhiya9.33 g / cm3

0.512 20

9.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya324.00 MPa

2.5 11000

9.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

9.4 meksa beluk

9.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

9.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

9.5 situs kelenturan

9.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

31.00 GPA126.00 GPA

1.3 222

9.5.2 pengaturan akeh

54.00 GPA230.00 GPA

1.6 462

9.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

79.00 GPA329.00 GPA

1.7 528

9.6 Poisson rasio

0.270.31

0.032 0.47

9.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

ductile, Weldable

10 Magnetic

10.1 Ciri Magnetic

10.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

11.7010.22

0.53 4500

10.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

10.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

10.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

10.2 Properties Listrik

10.2.1 Property Listrik

superconductor

Semiconductor

10.2.2 resistivity

157.00 nΩ · m53.40 nΩ · m

0.18 961

10.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.07 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.19 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

10.2.4 elektron Affinity

ora Sumadhiya71.90 kJ / mol

0 222.8

11 termal

11.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.12 J / (kg K)0.25 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

11.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.23 J / mol · K24.06 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

11.3 doyo termal

54.00 W / m · K138.00 W / m · K

6.3 429

11.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

11.5 Expansion termal

11.00 μm / (m · K)4.80 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

11.6 enthalpy

11.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

429.00 kJ / mol594.10 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

11.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

15.48 kJ / mol27.61 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

11.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

468.60 kJ / mol653.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

11.7 Standard molar Entropy

27.30 J / mol.K28.70 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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